Occupy Wall Street

Occupy Wall Street
Part of the Occupy movement
Adbusters poster promoting the start date of the occupation, September 17, 2011.
Date September 17, 2011 (2011-09-17) – ongoing
(6 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location New York City
Status Ongoing
Causes Wealth inequality, Corporate influence of government, Populism, (in support of) Social Democracy, inter alia.
Characteristics
Number
Zuccotti Park

Other activity in NYC:

  • 2,000+ marchers
    (march on police headquarters, October 2, 2011)[1]
  • 700+ marchers
    (crossing Brooklyn Bridge, October 3, 2011)[2]
  • 15,000+ marchers
    (Lower Manhattan solidarity march, October 5, 2011)[3]
  • 6,000+ marchers
    (Times Square recruitment center march, October 15, 2011)[4]

Occupy Wall Street (OWS) is a protest movement which began September 17, 2011 in Zuccotti Park, located in New York City's Wall Street financial district, initiated by the Canadian activist group Adbusters. The protests are against social and economic inequality, high unemployment, greed, as well as corruption, and the undue influence of corporations—particularly from the financial services sector—on government. The protesters' slogan We are the 99% refers to the growing income and wealth inequality in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population. The protests in New York City have sparked similar Occupy protests and movements around the world.

Contents

Background

Origin

In a July 13, 2011 blog post, the Canadian-based Adbusters Foundation, best known for its advertisement-free anti-consumerist magazine Adbusters, proposed a peaceful occupation of Wall Street to protest corporate influence on democracy, the absence of legal repercussions for the bankers behind the recent global financial crisis, and a growing disparity in wealth.[5][6] They sought to combine the symbolic location of the 2011 protests in Tahrir Square with the consensus decision making of the 2011 Spanish protests.[7] Adbusters' senior editor Micah White said they had suggested the protest via their email list and it "was spontaneously taken up by all the people of the world.”[6] Adbusters' website said that from their "one simple demand, a presidential commission to separate money from politics," they would "start setting the agenda for a new America."[8] They promoted the protest with a poster featuring a dancer atop Wall Street's iconic Charging Bull.[9][10]

The internet group Anonymous encouraged its readers to take part in the protests, calling protesters to "flood lower Manhattan, set up tents, kitchens, peaceful barricades and occupy Wall Street."[11][12] Other groups began to join in the organization of the protest, including the U.S. Day of Rage,[13] and the NYC General Assembly, the governing body of the Occupy Wall Street group.[14] The protest began on Sept 17th, 2011, an Occupy Wall Street page on Facebook began on September 19 with a YouTube video of the early protests, and by September 22, it had reached critical mass. By mid-October, Facebook listed 125 Occupy-related pages and roughly one in every 500 hashtags used on Twitter, all around the world, was the movement's own #OWS.[15]

Adbusters' Kalle Lasn, when asked why it took three years after the implosion of Lehman Brothers' for people to begin protesting, said that after the election of President Barack Obama there was a feeling among the young that he would pass laws to regulate the banking system and "take these financial fraudsters and bring them to justice." However, as time passed, "the feeling that he's a bit of a gutless wonder slowly crept in" and they lost their hope that his election would result in change.[16]

The protest was begun at Zuccotti Park since it was private property and police could not legally force protesters to leave without being requested to do so by the property owner.[17] At a press conference held on the same day as the protests began, New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg explained, "People have a right to protest, and if they want to protest, we'll be happy to make sure they have locations to do it."[14]

Writing for CNN, Sonia Katyal and Eduardo Peñalver said that

A straight line runs from the 1930s sit-down strikes in Flint, Michigan, to the 1960 lunch-counter sit-ins to the occupation of Alcatraz by Native American activists in 1969 to Occupy Wall Street. Occupations employ physical possession to communicate intense dissent, exhibited by a willingness to break the law and to suffer the -- occasionally violent -- consequences.[18]

More immediate prototypes for OWS are the British student protests of 2010, Greece's and Spain's anti-austerity protests of the "indignados" (indignants), as well as the Middle Easts' Arab Spring protests. These antecedents have in common with OWS a reliance on social media and electronic messaging to circumvent the authorities, as well as the feeling that financial institutions, corporations, and the political elite have been malfeasant in their behavior toward youth and the middle class.[19][20] Occupy Wall Street, in turn, gave rise to the Occupy movement in the United States and around the world.[21][22][23]

Goals

The protesters targeted Wall Street because of the part it played in the economic crisis of 2008 which started the Great Recession. They say that Wall Street's risky lending practices of mortgage-backed securities which ultimately proved to be worthless caused the crisis, and that the government bailout breached a sense of propriety. The protesters say that Wall Street recklessly and blatantly abused the credit default swap market, and that the instability of that market must have been known beforehand. They say that the guilty parties should be prosecuted.[23]

Some journalists have criticized the protests saying it is hard to discern a unified aim for the movement, while other commentators have said that although the movement is not in complete agreement on its message and goals, it does have a message which is fairly coherent. Douglas Rushkoff, writing for CNN, said that even though the protesters are not ready to articulate an exact array of problems or how to solve them,

Anyone who says he has no idea what these folks are protesting is not being truthful. Whether we agree with them or not, we all know what they are upset about, and we all know that there are investment bankers working on Wall Street getting richer while things for most of the rest of us are getting tougher. What upsets banking's defenders and politicians alike is the refusal of this movement to state its terms or set its goals in the traditional language of campaigns...They mean to show that there is an inappropriate and correctable disconnect between the abundance America produces and the scarcity its markets manufacture.[24]

In a special for CNN, Sonia Katyal and Eduardo Peñalver said that

What has puzzled many observers about the Occupy Wall Street protests is precisely the lack of an obvious connection between their disobedience (the occupation of parks and streets) and their political and economic complaints. This is why Occupy's turn toward foreclosed housing is so important. While it takes heroic acts of imagination to connect the dots between the occupation of Zuccotti Park and worries about economic inequality, political corruption and the excessive power of banks, the connection between these issues and the occupation of foreclosed housing is obvious.[18]

The protesters want, in part, more and better jobs, more equal distribution of income, bank reform, and a reduction of the influence of corporations on politics.[24][25] Adbusters co-founder Kalle Lasn has compared the protests to the Situationists and the Protests of 1968 movements.[23][26] and addresses critics saying that while no one person can speak for the movement, he believes that the goal of the protests is economic justice, specifically, a "transaction tax" on international financial speculation, the reinstatement of the Glass-Stegall Act and the revocation of corporate personhood.[7]

The General Assembly, the governing body of the OWS movement, has adopted a “Declaration of the Occupation of New York City,” which includes a list of grievances against corporations, and to many protesters a general statement is enough. However, saying, "‘Power concedes nothing without a demand' " others within the movement have favored a fairly concrete set of national policy proposals.[27] One group has written an unofficial document, "The 99 Percent Declaration”, that calls for a national general assembly of representatives from all 435 congressional districts to gather on July 4, 2012, to assemble a list of grievances and solutions.[28][29][30] OWS protesters that prefer a looser, more localized set of goals have also written a document, the Liberty Square Blueprint,[31] a wiki page edited by some 250 occupiers and still undergoing changes. Written as a wiki the wording changes, however, an early version read: "Demands cannot reflect inevitable success. Demands imply condition, and we will never stop. Demands cannot reflect the time scale that we are working with."[28] The Guardian interviewed OWS and found three main demands: get the money out of politics; reinstate the Glass-Steagall act; and draft laws against the little-known loophole that currently allows members of Congress to pass legislation affecting Delaware-based corporations in which they themselves are investors.[32]

We are the 99%

Main article: We are the 99%

The phrase "The 99%" is a political slogan of "Occupy" protesters.[39] It was originally launched as a Tumblr blog page in late August 2011.[40][41] It refers to the vast concentration of wealth among the top 1% of income earners compared to the other 99 percent, and indicates that most people are paying the price for the mistakes of a tiny minority.[19][42]

The top 1 percent of income earners have more than doubled their income over the last thirty years according to a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) report.[43] The report was released just as concerns of the Occupy Wall Street movement were beginning to enter the national political debate.[44] According to the CBO, between 1979 and 2007 the incomes of the top 1% of Americans grew by an average of 275%. During the same time period, the 60% of Americans in the middle of the income scale saw their income rise by 40%. Since 1979 the average pre-tax income for the bottom 90% of households has decreased by $900, while that of the top 1% increased by over $700,000, as federal taxation became less progressive. From 1992-2007 the top 400 income earners in the U.S. saw their income increase 392% and their average tax rate reduced by 37%.[45] In 2009, the average income of the top 1% was $960,000 with a minimum income of $343,927.[46][47][48]

In 2007 the richest 1% of the American population owned 34.6% of the country's total wealth, and the next 19% owned 50.5%. Thus, the top 20% of Americans owned 85% of the country's wealth and the bottom 80% of the population owned 15%. Financial inequality (total net worth minus the value of one's home)[49] was greater than inequality in total wealth, with the top 1% of the population owning 42.7%, the next 19% of Americans owning 50.3%, and the bottom 80% owning 7%.[50] However, after the Great Recession which started in 2007, the share of total wealth owned by the top 1% of the population grew from 34.6% to 37.1%, and that owned by the top 20% of Americans grew from 85% to 87.7%. The Great Recession also caused a drop of 36.1% in median household wealth but a drop of only 11.1% for the top 1%, further widening the gap between the 1% and the 99%.[50][51][52] During the economic expansion between 2002 and 2007, the income of the top 1% grew 10 times faster than the income of the bottom 90%. In this period 66% of total income gains went to the 1%, who in 2007 had a larger share of total income than at any time since 1928.[33] This is in stark contrast with surveys of US populations that indicate an "ideal" distribution that is much more equal, and a widespread ignorance of the true income inequality and wealth inequality.[53]

Demographics

Early on the protesters were mostly young, in part due to their pronounced use of social networks through which they promoted the protests.[54][55] As the protest grew, older protesters also became involved.[56] The average age of the protesters is 33, with people in their 20s balanced by people in their 40s.[57] Various religious faiths have been represented at the protest including Muslims, Jews, and Christians.[58][59] On October 10 the Associated Press reported that "there’s a diversity of age, gender and race" at the protest.[56] Some news organizations have compared the protest to a left-leaning version of the Tea Party protests.[60]

According to a survey of Zuccotti Park protesters by the Baruch College School of Public Affairs published on October 19, of 1,619 web respondents, 1/3 were older than 35, half were employed full-time, 13% were unemployed and 13% earned over $75,000. 27.3% of the respondents called themselves Democrats, 2.4% called themselves Republicans, while the rest, 70%, called themselves independents.[61]

Racially, the majority of participants are White, with one study based on survey responses at OccupyWallStreet.org reporting 81.2% White, 7.6% Other, 6.8% Hispanic, 2.8% Asian, and 1.6% Black.[62][63]

Organization and group process

The New York City General Assembly (NYCGA), held every evening at seven, is the main OWS decision-making body and provides much of the leadership and executive function for the protesters. At its meetings the various OWS committees discuss their thoughts and needs, and the meetings are open to the public for both attendance and speaking. The meetings are without formal leadership, although certain members routinely act as moderators. Meeting participants comment upon committee proposals using a process called a "stack", which is a queue of speakers that anyone can join. New York uses what is called a progressive stack, in which people from marginalized groups are sometimes allowed to speak before people from dominant groups, with facilitators, or stack-keepers, urging speakers to "step forward, or step back" based on which group they belong to, meaning that women and minorities may move to the front of the line, while white men must often wait for a turn to speak.[64][65][66] Volunteers take minutes of the meetings so that organizers who are not in attendance can be kept up-to-date.[67][68] In addition to the over 70 working groups[69] that perform much of the daily work and planning of Occupy Wall Street, the organizational structure also includes "spokes councils," at which every working group can participate.[70]

According to Fordham University communications professor Paul Levinson, Occupy Wall Street and similar movements symbolize another rise of direct democracy that has not actually been seen since ancient times.[71] Sociologist Heather Gautney, also from Fordham University, has said that while the organization calls itself leaderless, the protest in Zuccotti Park has discernible "organizers".[72] Even with the perception of a movement with no leaders, leaders have emerged. Ad hoc leaders discussed whether to leave. They plan for the occupation of other cities and neighborhoods, with an infrastructure to keep the movement beyond just the park. A facilitator of some of the movement's more contentious discussions, Nicole Carty, says “Usually when we think of leadership, we think of authority, but nobody has authority here,” - “People lead by example, stepping up when they need to and stepping back when they need to.”[73] According to TheStreet.com, some organizers have made more of a commitment and are more visible than others, with a core of about five main organizers being the most active.[74]

Critics of the General Assembly believe that consensus-based democracy cannot work in a group that is larger than a couple hundred people because it requires excessive amounts of monitoring in order to prevent free-riding, and works best with like-minded individuals. They also suggest that there is a higher chance of groupthink among consensus-based groups because there is pressure to conform in order to maintain consensus.[75]

Funding

Most of OWS funding comes from middle-class donors with incomes in the $50,000 to $100,000 range, and the median donation was $22.[57] According to finance group member Pete Dutro, OWS had accumulated over $600,000 and had $450,000 remaining as of November 21, 2011. During the period that protesters were encamped in the park the funds were being used to purchase food and other necessities and to bail out fellow protesters. In the future members of the OWS finance committee say they will initiate a process to streamline the movement and re-evaluate their budget. They may eliminate or restructure some of the "working groups" they no longer need on a day-to-day basis. "We have some ideas but we want to hear ideas from the other working groups," said Dutro, "So we can put forward a proposal that would be fair and suit everybody's needs." Presently the movement continues to organize out of donated office space and give money to other "occupations." [76]

According to The Wall Street Journal, "A few weeks ago, the Alliance for Global Justice, a Washington-based nonprofit, agreed to sponsor Occupy Wall Street and lend it its tax-exempt status, so donors could write off contributions. That means the Alliance for Global Justice's board has final say on spending, though it says it's not involved in decisions and will only step in if the protesters want to spend money on something that might violate their tax-exempt status."[77][77][78] As of late October it was reported that the OWS Finance Committee works with a lawyer and an accountant to track finances; the group has a substantial amount of money deposited at the Amalgamated Bank nearby, after first making deposits at the Lower East Side People's Federal Credit Union.[79] In late October the General Assembly of Occupy Wall Street registered for tax exempt status as a 501(c)(3)[80] Occupy Wall Street accepts tax-deductible donations, primarily through the movement's website.[76]

Zuccotti Park encampment

Prior to being closed to overnight use, somewhere between 100 and 200 people slept in Zuccotti Park. Initially tents were not allowed and protesters slept in sleeping bags or under blankets.[81] Meal service started at a total cost of about $1,000 per day; while some visitors ate at nearby restaurants[82] according to the New York Post local vendors fared badly[83] and many businesses surrounding the park were adversely affected.[84] Other Contribution boxes collected about $5,000 a day, and supplies came in from around the country.[82] Eric Smith, a local chef who was laid off at the Sheraton in Midtown, said that he was running a five-star restaurant in the park.[85] In late-October kitchen volunteers complained about working 18 hour days to feed people who were not part of the movement and served only brown rice, simple sandwiches, and potato chips for three days.[86]

The protesters constructed a greywater treatment system to recycle dishwater contaminants.[87][88] The filtered water was used for the park's plants and flowers. Many protesters used the bathrooms of nearby business establishments.[89] Some supporters donated use of their bathrooms for showers and the sanitary needs of protesters.[90][91]

New York City requires a permit to use "amplified sound," including electric bullhorns. Since Occupy Wall Street does not have a permit, the protesters have created the "human microphone" in which a speaker pauses while the nearby members of the audience repeat the phrase in unison. The effect has been called "comic or exhilarating—often all at once." Some feel this has provided a further unifying effect for the crowd.[92][93]

During the weeks that overnight use of the park was allowed, a separate area was set aside for an information area which contained laptop computers and several wireless routers.[94][95] The items were powered with gas generators until the New York Fire Department removed them on October 28, saying they were a fire hazard.[96] Protesters then used bicycles rigged with an electricity-generating apparatus to charge batteries to power the protesters' laptops and other electronics.[97] According to the Columbia Journalism Review's New Frontier Database, the media team, while unofficial, runs websites like Occupytogether.org, video livestream, a "steady flow of updates on Twitter, and Tumblr" as well as Skype sessions with other demonstrators.[98]

In October a makeshift tent was erected, formally calling itself The People's Library, and began offering free wi-fi internet to protesters and containing over 5,000 books. The library operated 24/7 and used an honor system to manage returns. It offered weekly poetry readings on Friday nights, provided a reference serviced frequently staffed by professional librarians, and procured materials available through the interlibrary loan system.[99] However, the library was removed on November 15 when the park was closed to overnight use and it was reported that many of the books were destroyed. The library's cataloging system is accessible online at LibraryThing, which donated a free lifetime membership.

On October 6, Brookfield Office Properties, which owns Zuccotti Park, issued a statement that "Sanitation is a growing concern... Normally the park is cleaned and inspected every weeknight[, but] because the protesters refuse to cooperate ... the park has not been cleaned since Friday, September 16 and as a result, sanitary conditions have reached unacceptable levels."[100][101]

On October 13, New York City's mayor Bloomberg and Brookfield announced that the park must be vacated for cleaning the following morning at 7 am.[102] However, protesters vowed to "defend the occupation" after police said they wouldn’t allow them to return with sleeping bags and other gear following the cleaning, under rules set by the private park’s owner—and many protesters spent the night sweeping and mopping the park.[103][104] The next morning, the property owner postponed its cleaning effort.[103] Having prepared for a confrontation with the authorities to prevent the cleaning effort from proceeding, some protesters clashed with police in riot gear outside City Hall after it was canceled.[102]

Shortly after midnight on November 15, 2011, the New York Police Department gave protesters notice from the park's owner (Brookfield Office Properties) to leave Zuccotti Park due to its purportedly unsanitary and hazardous conditions. The notice stated that they could return without sleeping bags, tarps or tents.[105][106] About an hour later, police in riot gear began removing protesters from the park, arresting some 200 people in the process, including a number of journalists. While the police raid was in progress, the Occupy Wall Street Media Team issued an official response under the heading, "You can't evict an idea whose time has come."[107]

Reaction

Public opinion

National polls from October to December 2011 were mixed, with agreement/approval ratings for Occupy Wall Street varying from 59% to 22%, but approval was fairly consistently larger than disapproval, with large numbers often not giving an opinion. On December 19, MSNBC reported a study which showed small-business owners "are almost evenly split on whether they support the protest movement."[108] Among the general public, opinions of OWS have varied over time, and there are contradictions between the data collected by various polling agencies.

September — October 2011

An NBC/Wall Street Journal survey released October 12 found that 37 percent of respondents "tend to support" the occupy movement, while 18 percent "tend to oppose" it.[109] An October 13 survey by TIME magazine found that 54 percent of Americans have a favorable impression of the protests, while 23 percent have a negative impression. An October 18 Gallup poll found that 22 percent of Americans agree with the protest's goals, while 15 percent disapprove and the remaining 61% say they don't know enough to decide. Gallup found that Democrats, Independents and Republicans all follow the news about OWS in equal numbers, and those who closely followed OWS were more likely to approve of its goals and methods.[110] An October CBS News/New York Times polls found 43% of Americans agree with Occupy Wall Street while 27% disagree.[111] An October Rasmussen poll found an almost even split, shows that 33 percent of Americans have a favorable view, while 27 percent are unfavorable and 40 percent have no opinion.[112] A Pew poll taken October 20-23 had similar findings, with 39% supporting "the Occupy Wall Street movement," while 35% opposed.[113] An October United Technologies/National Journal Congressional poll found that 59 percent of Americans agree with the movement while 31 percent disagree.[114]

An October Quinnipiac University poll of New York City voters found that 67 percent of New Yorkers approved of the movement with 23 percent disapproving. The results also found 87 percent of New Yorkers find it OK that they are protesting.[115] Despite media criticism that the protesters views are incoherent, the poll also found that 72 percent of New York City voters understand their views.[116]

November — December 2011

A NY1-Marist Poll released November 1 showed 44 percent of New York voters supported the Occupy Wall Street movement, while only 21 percent supported the Tea Party.[117] A survey of roughly 1,000 adults conducted from November 10 to 14 found that majorities of nearly identical size felt that Occupy Wall Street, and the Tea Party, respectively, did not share their values.[118] A November 3 poll done by Quinnipiac University found that 30 percent of American voters have a favorable view of the protests, while 39 percent do not. The same poll found that among independent voters, 29 percent have a favorable view opposed to 42 percent who have an unfavorable view, while 45% of Democrats have a favorable view opposed to 19% who have an unfavorable view.[119][120] A Pew Research Center poll, released December 15th, 2011, found that nearly three months after the start of OWS, 44% support the Occupy Wall Street movement and 35% oppose it. Americans overwhelmingly agree with the concerns raised by the movement, but more disapprove of the tactics used than approve.[121]

According to a November Wall Street Journal article, the age group that most strongly supported OWS were 50 to 64, and OWS had the strongest support among those making $50,000 to $70,000 a year, rather than under $30,000, with only 27% of people making over $75,000 a year backing the movement. Managers and other professionals supported the movement more than blue-collar workers, and men over 50 showed the strongest support.[122] These findings were contradicted by a December Pew Poll, which found opposition to OWS "higher in the older and affluent" while those making under $75,000 a year and those under 29 were the most supportive. The Pew poll (published Dec. 15th) also found more support than opposition in Democrats (60/21) and Independents (46/34), and more opposition than support in Republicans (21/59). [123]

Political response

The White House

During an October 6 news conference, President Obama said, "I think it expresses the frustrations the American people feel, that we had the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression, huge collateral damage all throughout the country ... and yet you're still seeing some of the same folks who acted irresponsibly trying to fight efforts to crack down on the abusive practices that got us into this in the first place."[124][125][126] When Jake Tapper of ABC News pushed Obama to explain the fact that his administration hasn't prosecuted any Wall Street executives who didn't play by the rules, he replied, "One of the biggest problems about the collapse of Lehman's and the subsequent financial crisis and the whole subprime lending fiasco is that a lot of that stuff wasn't necessarily illegal; it was just immoral or inappropriate or reckless."[127][128] On October 18, when interviewed by ABC news, he said "in some ways, they’re not that different from some of the protests that we saw coming from the Tea Party. Both on the left and the right, I think people feel separated from their government. They feel that their institutions aren’t looking out for them."[129][130]

On November 22, President Barack Obama was "mike-checked"[131] at a speech in New Hampshire by a group of Occupy Wall Street protesters as a series of call-and-response quips ensued, "Mr. President: Over 4,000 peaceful protesters have been arrested while bankers continue to destroy the economy. You must stop the assault on our First Amendment rights. Your silence sends a message that police brutality is acceptable. Banks got bailed out. We got sold out."[131][132] The crowd quickly drowned the protesters out with chants of “Obama!” Obama then responded, "I appreciate you guys making your point. Let me go ahead and make mine."[131][133] Later in the speech, Obama said, “Families like yours, young people like the ones here today — including the ones who were just chanting at me — you’re the reason that I ran for office in the first place.”[132]

Vice President Joe Biden likened the protest to the Tea Party's similar anger at the banks, saying, "Look, guys, the bargain is not on the level anymore in the minds of the vast majority of the American (people). The middle class has been screwed."[134]

Congress

House Democratic Leader Rep. Nancy Pelosi, said she supports the growing nationwide Occupy Wall Street movement. Pelosi said she includes herself in the group of Americans dissatisfied with Congress and stated, "I support the message to the establishment, whether it's Wall Street or the political establishment and the rest, that change has to happen. We cannot continue in a way (that) is not relevant to their lives."[135]

Independent Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who caucuses with the Democratic Party, appeared on Countdown with Keith Olbermann and supported the protests saying, "We desperately need a coming together of working people to stand up to Wall Street. We need to rebuild the middle-class in this country and you guys can't have it all."[136]

House Majority Leader Eric Cantor (R-Va), in a speech to a Values Voter Summit, characterized the movement as "growing mobs" and said that Obama's "failed policies" and rhetoric "condon[ing] the pitting of Americans against Americans" were to blame. In response, White House Press Secretary Jay Carney accused Cantor of "unbound" hypocrisy, given the Majority Leader's support of the Tea Party protests, adding, "I don't understand why one man's mob is another man's democracy." Carney characterized both movements as examples of American democratic traditions.[137]

The Democratic co-chairs of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, Representatives Raúl Grijalva and Keith Ellison, announced their solidarity with the movement on October 4.[138] The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is asking for 100,000 names on its website which will subsequently be added to 100,000 letters to Speaker of the House John Boehner and House Majority Leader Eric Cantor expressing support for the Occupy Wall Street protesters, the middle class, and opposition to tax loopholes for millionaires and big oil.[139]

2012 Presidential candidates

U.S. Congressman and 2012 Republican presidential candidate Ron Paul (R-TX) stated, "If they were demonstrating peacefully, and making a point, and arguing our case, and drawing attention to the Fed—I would say, 'good!'"[140] In a GOP debate, mentioning the ongoing “Occupy Wall Street” protesters, he stated that crony capitalists are those “that benefit from contract from government, benefit from the Federal Reserve, benefit from all the bailouts. They don’t deserve compassion. They deserve taxation or they deserve to have all their benefits removed."[141] When protesters conducted a 'mic check,' at one of Ron Paul's rallies, he replied, "If you listen carefully, I'm very much involved with the 99. I've been condemning that 1% because they've been ripping us off. The people on Wall Street got the bailouts and you guys got stuck with the bills and that's where I see the problem is."[142][143]

Former 2012 Republican presidential candidate Herman Cain accused the movement of being "anti-capitalist" and argued "Don't blame Wall Street, don't blame the big banks, if you don't have a job and you're not rich, blame yourself!"[144] In an interview with the Wall Street Journal, Cain also expressed his belief that Occupy Wall Street was "planned and orchestrated to distract from the failed policies of the Obama administration," but admitted that he "[didn't] have facts" to back up his accusation.[145]

Former Speaker of the House of Representatives and 2012 Republican presidential candidate Newt Gingrich was quoted as saying at the 2012 Bloomberg/Washington Post Debate, "Let me draw a distinction. Virtually every American has a reason to be angry. I think virtually [every] American has a reason to be worried. I think the people who are protesting in Wall Street break into two groups: one is left-wing agitators who would be happy to show up next week on any other topic, and the other is sincere middle-class people who frankly are very close to the Tea Party people who care. And actually... you can tell which are which. The people who are decent, responsible citizens pick up after themselves. The people who are just out there as activists trash the place and walk off and are proud of having trashed it, so let’s draw that distinction."[146] On November 21, Gingrich was quoted as saying to the protesters that they should "Go get a job right after you take a bath."[147]

2012 Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney said that while there were "bad actors" that needed to be "found and plucked out", he believes that to aim at one industry or region of America is a mistake and views encouraging the Occupy Wall Street protests as "dangerous" and inciting "class warfare".[148][149] Romney later expressed sympathy for the movement, saying, "I look at what's happening on Wall Street and my view is, boy, I understand how those people feel."[150]

2012 Republican presidential candidate Buddy Roemer expressed support for the movement, saying, "We have almost permanent unemployment. They say it’s nine percent, but the real unemployment rate is more like 16 percent. These are people there are no jobs for, or they have to work part time to try to make ends meet. It’s disturbing. The Wall Street protest is unshaped, unfocused, but there’s a lot of power in it."[151]

On October 18, 2012 Republican presidential candidate Gary Johnson visited with the protesters in New York, expressing his support for the movement, stating, "I just have to express my solidarity with everyone there that expresses the notion that we have a country that doles it out unfairly. Corporatism is alive and well in this country."[152]

Jill Stein, a 2012 Green Party (GPUS) presidential candidate, has strongly and consistently voiced support for the Occupy Wall Street movement. On October 9, prior to announcing her candidacy, she visited occupied Dewey Square in Boston, where she thanked the protesters for "breaking through the sound barrier," established by the "conglomerate media" which, according to her, have silenced those who have tried to speak out against injustice.[153]

Other politicians

Mayor Bloomberg said that the protests "aren't productive," although he also expressed sympathy for some of their complaints.[154] On October 8, during his weekly radio show, Bloomberg complained that the protesters are trying to "take the jobs from the people working in the city," and said that although "[t]here are some people with legitimate complaints, there are some people who just like to protest."[155]

In an interview with The Washington Post, Former Democratic U.S. Senator Russ Feingold endorsed the movement on October 5 stating, "This is like the Tea Party—only it's real... By the time this is over, it will make the Tea Party look like ... a tea party."[156] Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Secretary of State Colin Powell declared that the demonstrations of the OWS movement were "as American as apple pie," adding "“This is something that our political leaders need to think about. It isn’t enough just to scream at our Occupy Wall Street demonstrators — we need our political system to start reflecting this anger back into how do we fix it? How do we get the economy going again?”[157]

Labor unions

In September, various labor unions, including the Transport Workers Union of America Local 100 and the New York Metro 32BJ Service Employees International Union, pledged their support for demonstrators.[158] Union leaders say that unions and OWS can offer mutual support, with OWS gaining from the union's money, stature, and large membership, and the weakened labor movement absorbing the protesters vitality.[159][160] The Industrial Workers of the World announced on September 28, 2011, that its General Executive Board (GEB), and the General Defense Committee (GDC) had issued statements of support for Occupy Wall Street.[161][162] After numerous arrests of protesters on the Brooklyn Bridge, police commandeered city buses to pick up detained protesters and union drivers later sued the New York Police Department. Union President John Samuelsen said, "We're down with these protesters. We support the notion that rich folk are not paying their fair share. Our bus operators are not going to be pressed into service to arrest protesters anywhere".[163] On October 4, representatives from more than 14 of the country's largest labor unions joined the protesters for a mass rally and march.[164] In early November, National Nurses United (NNU), the largest union of registered nurses in the nation, expressed support for OWS and rallied in front of the White House and Department of Treasury. Karen Higgins, co-president of NNU, said, "A real finance tax would generate $350 billion a year in the U.S. alone and bring relief to families out of homes, friends out of work, patients out of care, communities running out of time. The tax starts a revenue flow back to the 99 percent." [165]

Noting the growing union support, an article in the progressive-leaning Mother Jones magazine said that union support could splinter and derail the protests rather than sustain them because while unions are tightly organized, hierarchical, and run with a clear chain of command, Occupy Wall Street is the opposite in that they are "a horizontal, autonomous, leaderless, modified-consensus-based system with roots in anarchist thought." However, the article went on to suggest that if the unions and OWS joined together they could work to create a progressive movement that "effectively taps into the rising feeling among many Americans that economic opportunity has been squashed by corporate greed and the influence of the very rich in politics."[166] As the success of the movement has become apparent, union organizers have begun to embrace some of their social media skills, bold tactics, and the simplicity of the 99% slogan. Damon Silvers, the AFL–CIO's policy director, said, “We think the Occupy movement has given voice to something very basic about what’s going on in our country right now. The fact that they’ve figured out certain concepts and language for doing that, we think is really important and positive.”[167] The International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW) has endorsed the movement saying, "We recognize the need to work together and learn from each other. The vitality, energy and dialogue growing from the Occupy Wall Street movement show the potential to organize, build power and win justice for the middle class.”[168]

Federal Reserve

During a hearing before the Joint Economic Committee October 4, 2011, Federal Reserve Chairperson Ben Bernanke said, "[P]eople are quite unhappy with the state of the economy and what’s happening. They blame, with some justification, the problems in the financial sector for getting us into this mess, and they’re dissatisfied with the policy response here in Washington. And at some level, I can’t blame them. Certainly, 9 percent unemployment and very slow growth is not a good situation."[169] On November 2, he again expressed sympathy with frustrations about the economy but also said many of the complaints levied at the Fed, including those made against the steps it took during the financial crisis, are misguided. “The concerns about the Fed are based on misconceptions,” he said. “A very simplistic interpretation of that [criticism] was that we were doing that because we wanted to preserve banker salaries. That was obviously not the case.”[170] Dallas Federal Reserve President Richard W. Fisher said that he was "somewhat sympathetic" to the views of the protesters, and added, "We have too many people out of work. We have a very uneven distribution of income. We have a very frustrated people, and I can understand their frustration."[171]

Media response

Five days into the protest, Keith Olbermann criticized the initial media response for failing to adequately cover the protests.[175][176] The protests began on Saturday, September 17. The following Wednesday, The New York Observer reported on the nascent protests in Zuccotti Park.[175][177] On Friday, September 23, Ginia Bellafante panned the movement in The New York Times.[178] Joanna Weiss of The Boston Globe found it difficult to take the protests seriously, criticizing Occupy Wall Street for its "circus" atmosphere."[179] In a September 27 article, Lauren Ellis of Mother Jones magazine criticized the movement's lack of a clear message.[180]

By October 4, economist Richard Wolff commented that the unclear shape of the movement is "mostly irrelevant" at this early stage and the priority should be to invite all interested parties.[181] Kalle Lasn, co-founder of Adbusters, believed that the protests had gone mainstream and expressed the opinion that "it's become kind of a political left movement in the U.S., hopefully to rival the Tea Party."[182] Michael Daly, of Newsweek and The Daily Beast characterized the position of the protesters as a "feeling that there is just a fundamental unfairness. From their point of view, the very people who almost wrecked the U.S. economy on Wall Street continue to get wealthy while working people are struggling to pay their bills."[183] On October 11, Katrina vanden Heuvel, who writes a weekly column for The Post and is the editor and publisher of The Nation, said "most understand that the main task ahead is growing the movement," and pointing to recent legislation, she suggests that the movement has already influenced public dialogue.[184] From October 17–21 Cenk Uygur of the internet news show The Young Turks filmed the political segment of the show in Zuccotti Park.

MSNBC's Technolog noted that policymakers had failed to address economic problems, and news media had failed to cover the unemployment crisis: "Tracking CNN, MSNBC and Fox, ThinkProgress found 7,583 mentions of the word 'debt,' compared to 427 mentions of 'unemployment' on all three networks combined." NM Incite said 22% of tweets using the #OccupyWallStreet hashtag voiced general support for the movement, 11% indicated participation in it, 5% described celebrity support, 11% were complaints against the movement, 13% shared news, 6% shared videos, 4% blamed government, 2% blamed Obama, and 1% blamed capitalism.

Police response

Police reaction has varied. Some incidents have been criticized. The New York City Police Department has assigned Rick Lee, a First Precinct community relations detective, to duty at the demonstration. He is one of the department's main liaisons with the protesters on behalf of the police department, and advises protesters on such matters as, avoiding arrest and getting along with police as well as attempting to get information of protesters plans. As a plainclothes officer, he has been referred to as the "hipster cop"[185] for his attire consisting of glasses, cardigan sweaters, skinny ties and skinny trousers. Reaction to his presence is mixed.[186]

Occupy Wall Street has cost the Police Department $5 million in overtime as of October 27.[187] Police statistics show competing information. Arrests and crimes have risen, while the number of summonses has fallen. How dangerous it may be for Occupy Wall Street protesters and nearby residents is difficult to assess due to an informal divide that has sprung up between who patrols inside and outside the park. While NYC police are stationed around the periphery, police seem to have ceded patrol of the interior to protesters.[188]

The protesters have complained of noise from the New York Police using small handheld LRAD sound cannons to communicate instructions to protesters, in an effort to break up the demonstrations.[189][190]

On December 20, 2011, computer hackers, from a loose online coalition called Anonymous, exposed the personal information of police officers who have evicted OWS protesters.[191]

International response

 

Responses by notable people

Authors and academics

Kate Pickett, coauthor of The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, said in The Guardian that "Few doubt that it was the actions of the rich and the super-rich, the 1%, that created the crisis. But sadly, debate has not yet been translated into action...This is why we need the Occupy movement and the staunch actions of the trade unions – why we need protest and demonstrations and activism."[209]

Canadian writer Naomi Klein has spoken at the protest several times. Writing in the New York Times she said she is "delighted" that OWS has not given in to issuing a list of demands. "This is a young movement still in the process of determining just how powerful it is, and that power will determine what demands are possible. Small movements have to settle for small reforms: big ones have the freedom to dream."[210]

Professor and author Cornel West addressed the frustrations that some critics have expressed at the protest’s lack of a clear and unified message, saying, "It’s impossible to translate the issue of the greed of Wall Street into one demand, or two demands. We’re talking about a democratic awakening."[211]

Harvard law professor Lawrence Lessig who has called for a Second Constitution of the United States agreed with the demands of OWS protestors but felt that too many demands generated "noise"; he called for clarity.[212]

Philosopher Slavoj Žižek gave a speech on Wall Street in which he expressed support for the protests saying, "They tell you we are dreamers. The true dreamers are those who think things can go on indefinitely the way they are. We are not dreamers. We are awakening from a dream which is turning into a nightmare."[213][214][215]

On November 15, when police closed the park to overnight use by the protesters, Chris Hedges, who has been participating since the onset, wrote in his weekly column that he believed that through a rigid adherence to nonviolence and a verbal respect for the police, the movement would continue to move forward to see the realization of its goals.[216] Author Barbara Ehrenreich, in response to the dismantling of the occupations, stated that "One of the appalling things here is that there are so many Democratic mayors involved in these crackdowns or in Bloomberg's case, someone who is seen as a liberal."[217]

Over one thousand authors have announced their support for the movement via “Occupy Writers”, an online petition that states “We, the undersigned writers and all who will join us, support Occupy Wall Street and the Occupy Movement around the world.”[218] The initiative began when Jeff Sharlet e-mailed Salman Rushdie to suggest a petition for writers who support Occupy Wall Street,[219] and signatories range the spectrum of literary genres and academic disciplines and include Margaret Atwood,[220] Noam Chomsky,[220][221] Neil Gaiman, Daniel Handler also known as Lemony Snicket, and Alice Walker.[222] The site also features original work from the writers expressing their take on the Occupy movement.[223][224]

Authors and academics supporting include professor of economics and best-selling author Ravi Batra,[225][226] anthropologist David Graeber,[227] Stéphane Hessel,[228] Nobel Prize winning economists Paul Krugman,[229] and Joseph Stiglitz,[230] Jeff Madrick,[230] Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales,[231] and professor of economics Richard D. Wolff.[232]

Businesspeople

John Paulson, billionaire and founder of the hedge fund Paulson & Co., criticized the protesters for "vilifying our most successful businesses," citing that "The top 1% of New Yorkers pay over 40% of all income taxes, providing huge benefits to everyone in our city and state."[233] Vikram Pandit, head of Citigroup, called the protesters' sentiments "completely understandable" and said that Wall Street had broken the trust of its clients.[234] Bill Gross, manager of PIMCO's Total Return Fund, the world's largest mutual fund, stated "Class warfare by the 99%? Of course, they're fighting back after 30 years of being shot at."[235] PIMCO's co-CEO Mohamed El-Erian argued that people should "listen to Occupy Wall Street".[236] Businessman and CEO Peter Schiff wrote an opinion column where he stated, "I own a brokerage firm, but I didn't receive any bailout money... Yes, I am the 1% - but I've earned every penny. Instead of trying to take my wealth away, I hope they learn from my example."[237] The lobbying firm Clark Lytle Geduldig & Cranford proposed to the American Bankers Association a plan to respond to the Occupy movement by researching the 'backers' and doing public relations work against them like putting negative stories in the media.[238]

Karl Denninger, former CEO and one of the original co-founders of the Tea Party movement, expressed support for the movement, saying "The problem with protests and the political process is that it is very easy, no matter how big the protest is, for the politicians to simply wait until the people go home, and then they can ignore you. Well, Occupy Wall Street was a little different, and back in 2008, I wrote that when we will actually see change is when the people come, they set up camp, and they refuse to go home. That appears to be happening now."[239] Jeff Immelt, CEO of General Electric and a member of Obama's Economic Recovery Advisory Board, stated "It is natural to assume that people are angry, and I think we have to be empathetic and understand that people are not feeling great."[240] Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, the world's largest hedge fund, stated in an interview with Charlie Rose, "I think the number one problem is that we're not having a quality dialogue...I certainly understand the frustration, I understand the dilemma, I understand the discontent."[241] Other business leaders lending their support include George Soros[242] and Russell Simmons.[243]

Celebrities

On September 19, Roseanne Barr, the first celebrity to endorse the protest, spoke to protesters calling for a combination of capitalism and socialism and a system not based on "bloated talk radio hosts and that goddamn Ayn Rand book".[245][246]

Filmmaker Michael Moore also spoke in support, saying, "They have tried to take our democracy and turn it into a kleptocracy."[247][248] Rapper Lupe Fiasco, one of the initial supporters of Occupy Wall Street, wrote a poem, "Moneyman", for the protest.[249][250] Susan Sarandon spoke at the demonstration saying, "I came down here to educate myself.... There's a huge void between the rich and the poor in this country."[251] Actor and activist Mark Ruffalo has supported the Occupy Wall Street protest saying, "Peaceful Resistance. That is what changes the world. We must be peaceful. This movement is about decency."[252]

Jeff Mangum of Neutral Milk Hotel played a solo acoustic set for the protesters on October 4,[253] and Tom Morello performed on October 13.[254] Folk singer Pete Seeger led a group of several hundred protesters on a march through the streets on October 22, singing several songs, including "This Land Is Your Land" and "We Shall Overcome". Other musicians joining them included Arlo Guthrie, Tao Rodríguez-Seeger, Tom Chapin, David Amram, and Guy Davis.[255]

On October 23, Asmaa Mahfouz, whose video blog helped spark the 2011 uprising in Egypt, held a teach-in at Liberty Plaza. When asked why she came to the OWS protest she replied, "Many of U.S. residents was in solidarity with us. So, we have to keep going all over the world, because another world is possible for all of us."[256]

On October 23, musicians Sean Lennon and Rufus Wainwright showed their support for the Occupy movement and played among a large crowd in Zuccotti Park.[257][258] On October 25, international street artist Above completed a 255 foot long mural in Miami, Florida that read "Give a wall st. banker enough rope and he will hang himself" next to Interstate 95. The artist installed a controversial effigy that mimicked a 'wall st' banker hanging from a noose.[259][260]

On November 8, folk-rock singers David Crosby and Graham Nash appeared at Zuccotti Park to offer their support and sing to the occupiers.[261] Three days later, on November 11, folk singer Joan Baez sang there as well. Many of the young protesters were not familiar with her songs and were unaware of her long history as an activist.[262]

In fellowship with "Occupy Writers", hundreds are signed supporters as "Occupy Musicians"[263] and "Occupy Filmmakers",[264] respectively. Additionally, "Occupy Comics"[265] and "Occupy Design"[266] have lent their talent in support. Other celebrities lending their support include John Carlos,[267] Anti-Flag,[268] Radiohead,[220][269] Talib Kweli,[270] and Kanye West.[271]

Miley Cyrus released a video on her official YouTube channel for the remix of "Liberty Walk" from her album Can't Be Tamed. The video is entirely made of footage from the Occupy movement, including "police beatings, things burning and lots of angry marching".[272] On her YouTube channel the video is dedicated "to the thousands of people who are standing up for what they believe in..."[272][273]

Wealthy supporters

Several wealthy supporters have joined the protest, and have started a blog, we stand with the 99 percent,[274] in which they say, "I am the 1%. I stand with the 99%," and give their stories.[275] The granddaughter of oil tycoon H. L. Hunt, Leah Hunt-Hendrix, 28, was quoted as saying “We should acknowledge our privilege and claim the responsibilities that come with it.”[275] Farhad Ebrahimi, who received an inheritance as a teenager, has been participating in the Occupy Boston protest wearing a T-shirt that says, "Tax me. I'm good for it."[275] Russell Simmons, hip-hop artist and successful businessman, has actively supported the OWS movement saying that he believes that it is his moral duty to do so. "You give what you get. I want to do what I can to relieve suffering and improve the quality of other's lives."[276]

Criticism

There has been criticism of the Occupy Wall Street movement by various groups and individuals. According to recent polling, most Republican voters have an unfavorable view of the movement by a large margin.[120]

In an opinion piece in the Wall Street Journal, pollster Douglas Schoen wrote that the protesters reflect "values that are dangerously out of touch with the broad mass of the American people" and have "a deep commitment to left-wing policies: opposition to free-market capitalism and support for radical redistribution of wealth, intense regulation of the private sector, and protectionist policies to keep American jobs from going overseas", and that politicians who support them will be hurt in the 2012 elections.[277] Journalist David Weigel responded in an opinion piece published on Slate characterizing Schoen's opinion piece as "a dishonest column full of claims that couldn't be backed up by his own research",[278] while Washington Monthly lead blogger Steve Benen wrote an opinion piece accusing Schoen of political spin in his analysis and referring to Schoen, a frequent contributor to Fox News, as "the quintessential 'Fox News Democrat'".[279]

A group of bloggers, led by political commentator Erick Erickson, organized a website criticizing the movement entitled "We Are the 53%," referring to the 53% of Americans who earn enough income to pay federal income taxes.[280] An opinion piece by CBS contributor Jim Edwards, comparing the We are the 99% blog to the 53% blog, commented that "once you've looked at both blogs, the impression you come away with is that the recession is as devastating to conservatives as it is to liberals, but that conservatives regard their misfortunes as their own fault whereas the liberals see structural forces at work -- lack of health insurance, student loans -- that they cannot overcome."[281]

Mike Brownfield of The Heritage Foundation argued that rejection of the capitalist system and the policies that OWS protesters advocate, including limits on trade and student loan forgiveness, would not lead to improved economic conditions for unemployed Americans. According to Brownfield, the Foundation believes it is "right to decry out-of-control bailouts and corporate subsidies" and there are valid concerns regarding the economy, unemployment rates and low job creation. However, Heritage argued that capitalism is key to improving the economy and that the movement is focusing on the wrong solutions to the problems they protest: it should be protesting the expansion of government instead of calling for more government intervention.[282]

Mark Tooley of the Institute on Religion and Democracy, said that while Occupy Wall Street has succeeded in getting attention, it is limited because it is only attracting religious support from the left.[283] He said that a call for the government redistribution of wealth and reliance on street activism did not appeal to those with conservative political or religious leanings.[283] The protest has been criticized for tolerating anti-Semitic activists.[284] The Emergency Committee for Israel ran an ad condemning anti-Semitic remarks and calling on Obama and other political officials to do likewise.[285] These allegations lead the Anti-Defamation League to call on the movement "to condemn anti-Semitic signs and comments that have appeared at some of the protest rallies across the country and around the world".[286] Other journalists have disputed allegations of anti-Semitism as not reflecting the movement as a whole.[287][288]

Complaints by local residents

Some residents of the area surrounding Zuccotti Park have voiced complaints about the demonstrations. A caller to a radio show complained that the park has been rendered "unusable" by the protesters, and that "a general atmosphere of incivility," together with loud shouting and drums, prevailed; another complained that the drums from the protest, which he said "start in the morning" and get louder in the evening until 11:30 pm, made it difficult for his children to sleep or do their homework. Another resident complained that protesters had been vandalizing and urinating in the vestibule to his apartment building.[155] Responding to a caller to his radio show complaining about noise and incivility at the park, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said "we couldn't agree more."[155] The Mayor has been criticized for alienating both supporters and critics for his stance that seems supportive of the protests one day and opposed on others. The Mayor has vowed to crack down on the protester's behavior as well as saying he’ll allow the protests indefinitely.[289]

Protesters and community residents clashed at a standing room only Community Board One meeting October 20. Residents complained about inadequate sanitation, verbal taunts and harassment, noise, and related issues. One resident angrily complained that the protesters "[a]re defecating on our doorsteps"; board member Tricia Joyce said, "They have to have some parameters. That doesn't mean the protests have to stop. I'm hoping we can strike a balance on parameters because this could be a long term stay."[290]

Popular culture references

CNBC correspondent Jane Wells reported that the Occupy Wall Street movement sparked parodies which connect the movement to pop culture icons from Star Wars and Lord of the Rings and others. An image of Luke Skywalker holding a protest sign was published: "It wasn't glamorous but I had a steady living working on my uncle's moisture farm... my aunt and uncle were unjustly murdered and the farm destroyed. I was forced to leave my home and join an extinct cult just to survive. I am now a member of an upstart movement to take down a greedy corrupt establishment. I AM THE 99%." Skywalker's enemies, the Imperial Storm Troopers, joined the protest on another image circulating on the Internet holding signs: "End Galactic Corporate Greed", "Get Our Troops Off Tatooine" and "Keep Your Empirical Hands Off My Healthcare".[291] Parodies relating to Middle Earth include a woman who had written her complaint in Elvish, allegedly translated: "I spend every waking hour fighting Orcs while Elrond and Galadriel eat lembas bread all day. I am the 99%."[292]

Other parodies include Occupy Narnia[292] and Occupy Sesame Street.[293] Occupy Sesame Street went viral and, following violent encounters between NYPD and the protesters, Tumblr posted pictures of Elmo arrested, Grover restrained, and Count von Count pepper-sprayed.[294] Occupy Wall Street and its related protests were satirized in the South Park episode "1%", which aired on November 2, 2011.[295][296] Remy Munasifi wrote and sang a song called "Occupy Wall Street Protest Song", which criticized the protestors for not understanding, in his opinion, how well off they are. According to AFP, the song went viral in early October.[297][298]

Popular culture images are also employed by protesters to make statements. For example, Guy Fawkes masks from the film V for Vendetta are worn by protesters in New York and around the world as visual symbols of resistance against corporate greed.[299]

Music videos

On October 26, 2011, the first video setting footage of Occupy Wall Street to the song Love, That's America by Melvin Van Peebles was uploaded to YouTube.[300] In an interview with Van Peebles several weeks later, he discussed the song going viral.[301] Turkish newspaper Radikal described the song as becoming the surprising unofficial anthem of the movement.[302]

Crime

On October 11, it was reported that OWS protesters staying in Zuccotti Park were dealing with a worsening security problem with reports of multiple incidents of assault, drug dealing and use, and sexual assault.[303] A Crown Heights man was charged with sexually assaulting a protester at the park raising the level of public discussion of lawlessness at the demonstrations. Protesters use de-escalation techniques, talking down or blocking with their bodies those people throwing punches. In more tense situations, protesters encircle troublemakers and usher them out. But many times, those kicked out or arrested return.[304] Protester sanitation teams have reported finding needles in tents, and reports of crack and crystal meth use have surfaced. But most protesters say that the most serious concern is the risk of assault, especially for women and at night. Demonstrators have complained of thefts of assorted items such as cell phones and laptops. Thieves also stole $2500 of donations that were stored in a makeshift kitchen.[305] On October 10, a "methadone-addled man freeloading off the Wall Street protest" was arrested for groping a woman.[303] On Nov 10, 2011, a man was arrested at OWS for breaking an EMT's leg.[306]

Police Commissioner Paul Browne complained that protesters delayed reporting crime. He stated that it's OWS protocol not to report such incidents to the police until there were three complaints against the same individual.[307] The protesters denied a "three strikes policy", and one protester told the New York Daily News that he had heard police respond to a complaint by saying, "You need to deal with that yourselves".[308]

"A lot of the folks that are involved in the security operations at the park have been saying that -- when they encounter, you know, sort of transient, homeless type of people there in the park -- they are hearing reports that the police have been encouraging them to head down to Zuccotti, to "Take it to Zuccotti." It's very upsetting. Particularly, when you consider that some of the people that are arriving to the park have severe psychiatric problems or drug-addiction problems." Ryan Devereaux, reporter for Democracy Now!.[309][310]

On November 16, 2011, police arrested Nkrumah Tinsley, 29, and charged him with making a terroristic threat, after police saw a video of him saying, “On the 17th, we going to burn New York City to the fucking ground,” and "In a few days they’re going to see what a Molotov cocktail can do to Macy’s." He had been previously arrested for assaulting a police officer during another protest on October 26.[311][312][313] Defense lawyer Pierre Sussman said that Tinsley had been exercising his right to free speech, and that he was not really going to do the things he said.[314] When police carried out a search warrant of Tinsley's home, they did not find any bomb making materials.[315] In November, a 32-year-old man was arrested after driving around the protest with an unregistered gun. A 22-year-old was charged with two counts of forcible touching after allegedly groping the breast and buttocks of a 22-year-old woman. Another man was charged with criminal mischef after he was spotted tampering with Christmas lights at the park.[316]

Sexual assaults

After several weeks of occupation, Occupy Wall Street protesters had made enough allegations of sexual assault and gropings that women-only sleeping tents were set up.[317] David Park was arrested for a sexual assault that occurred in Zuccotti Park on October 8. At the time of the incident, Park had numerous warrants for his arrests. Tonye Iketubosin who worked as a kitchen helper was charged with an October 24 sexual assault of an 18-year-old fellow protester. Prosecutors believe he is responsible for an assault on another 18-year-old woman.[318][319][320] Occupy Wall Street organizers released a statement regarding the sexual assaults stating, "As individuals and as a community, we have the responsibility and the opportunity to create an alternative to this culture of violence, We are working for an OWS and a world in which survivors are respected and supported unconditionally... We are redoubling our efforts to raise awareness about sexual violence. This includes taking preventative measures such as encouraging healthy relationship dynamics and consent practices that can help to limit harm.” A police union leader stated, “We have no way of really knowing. If you have three or five crimes reported, you really don’t know if it’s eight or 10 that happened.”[321]

Chronology

Main article: Timeline of Occupy Wall Street

First four weeks (September 17 – October 14)

On September 17, 1,000 protesters marched through the streets, with an estimated 100 to 200 staying overnight in cardboard boxes. By September 19, seven people had been arrested.[322][323] At least 80 arrests were made on September 24,[324] after protesters started marching uptown and forcing the closure of several streets.[325][326] Most of the 80 arrests were for blocking traffic, though some were also charged with disorderly conduct and resisting arrest. Police officers used a technique called kettling which involves using orange nets to isolate protesters into smaller groups.[325][326] Videos which showed several penned-in female demonstrators being hit with pepper spray by a police official were widely disseminated, sparking controversy.[327] That police official was identified as Deputy Inspector Anthony Bologna, and other videos imerged showing him hitting a photographer with a burst of spray as well.[328]

The activist Anonymous subsequently published the name, phone number and family details of the police officer.[329] Initially Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly and a representative for Bologna defended his actions, while decrying the disclosure of his personal information.[327][328] After growing public furor, Kelly announced that Internal Affairs and the Civilian Complaint Review Board were opening investigations,[327] again criticizing Anonymous for "[trying] to intimidate, putting the names of children, where children go to school," and adding that this tactic was "totally inappropriate, despicable."[327] Meanwhile, Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance, Jr. started his own inquiry.[328]

Public attention to the pepper-sprayings resulted in a spike of news media coverage, a pattern that was to be repeated in the coming weeks following confrontations with police.[330] Clyde Haberman, writing in The New York Times, said that "If the Occupy Wall Street protesters ever choose to recognize a person who gave their cause its biggest boost, they may want to pay tribute to Anthony Bologna," calling the event "vital" for the still nascent movement.[331][332] "After Ron Kuby, an attorney for one of the protesters, demanded Mr. Bologna’s arrest, [Bologna] was instead docked 10 vacation days and given a [...] reassignment to Staten Island, where he lives," according to an account by blogger Daniel Edward Rosen.[333]

On October 1, 2011, protesters set out to march across the Brooklyn Bridge. The New York Times reported that more than 700 arrests were made.[334] The police used ten buses to carry protesters off the bridge. Some said the police had tricked protesters, allowing them onto the bridge, and even escorting them partway across. Jesse A. Myerson, a media coordinator for Occupy Wall Street said, “The cops watched and did nothing, indeed, seemed to guide us onto the roadway.”[335] However, some statements by protesters supported descriptions of the event given by police: for example, one protester Tweeted that "The police didn't lead us on to the bridge. They were backing the [expletive] up."[336] A spokesman for the New York Police Department, Paul Browne, said that protesters were given multiple warnings to stay on the sidewalk and not block the street, and were arrested when they refused.[2] By October 2, all but 20 of the arrestees had been released with citations for disorderly conduct and a criminal court summons.[337] On October 4, a group of protesters who were arrested on the bridge filed a lawsuit against the city, alleging that officers had violated their constitutional rights by luring them into a trap and then arresting them; Mayor Bloomberg, commenting previously on the incident, had said that "[t]he police did exactly what they were supposed to do."[338]

On October 5, thousands of union workers joined protesters marching through the Financial District. The march was mostly peaceful until after nightfall, when scuffles erupted. About 200 protesters tried to storm barricades blocking them from Wall Street and the Stock Exchange. Police responded with pepper spray and penned the protesters in with orange netting.[339][340]

Weeks 5–8 (October 15 – November 11)

See also: "Occupy" protests

On October 15, tens of thousands of demonstrators staged rallies in 900 cities around the world, including Auckland, Sydney, Hong Kong, Taipei, Tokyo, São Paulo, Paris, Madrid, Berlin, Hamburg, Leipzig, and many other cities.[341] In Frankfurt, 5,000 people protested at the European Central Bank and in Zurich, Switzerland's financial hub, protesters carried banners reading "We won't bail you out yet again" and "We are the 99 percent." Protests were largely peaceful, however a protest in Rome that drew thousands turned violent when "a few thousand thugs from all over Italy, and possibly from all over Europe" caused extensive damage.[342] Thousands of Occupy Wall Street protesters gathered in Times Square in New York City and rallied for several hours.[343][344] Several hundred protesters were arrested across the U.S., mostly for refusing to obey police orders to leave public areas. In Chicago there were 175 arrests, about 100 arrests in Arizona (53 in Tucson, 46 in Phoenix), and more than 70 in New York City, including at least 40 in Times Square.[345] Multiple arrests were reported in Chicago, and about 150 people camped out by city hall in Minneapolis.[346]

In the early morning hours of October 25, police cleared and closed an Occupy Oakland encampment at Frank Ogawa Plaza in Oakland, California.[347][348] The raid on the encampment was described as "violent and chaotic at times," and resulted in over 102 arrests and several injuries to protesters. The city of Oakland contracted the use of over 12 other regional police departments to aid in the clearing of the encampment. An Iraqi war veteran, Scott Olsen, was allegedly hit in the head with a teargas canister and suffered a skull fracture. His condition was later upgraded from critical to fair.[349] The next night, approximately 1,000 protesters reconvened in the plaza and held marches late into the night.[350]

On November 2, protesters in Oakland, California shut down the Port of Oakland, the fifth busiest port in the nation. Police estimated that about 3,000 demonstrators were gathered at the port and 4,500 had marched across the city; a spokesman for the protest movement, who gave only his first name, told the BBC that he had heard people say that there were as many as 20,000 or 30,000 demonstrators, but added, "It's impossible to tell."[351]

Weeks 9, 10 & beyond (November 12 – December)

See also: Chronology of Occupy movement raids

After midnight on November 15, police delivered notices that protesters had to temporarily vacate the park to allow cleaning/sanitation crews access.[352] According to the police notice, protesters would have been allowed back in after the cleaning, but without tents, tarps, or sleeping bags. Police moved in around 1:00 AM on November 15 and arrested about 200 people, some of whom attempted to stop the entry of cleaning crews. Among those arrested were journalists representing the Agence France-Presse,[353] Associated Press,[354] Daily News,[355] DNAInfo,[356] NPR,[357] Television New Zealand,[358] The New York Times,[359] and Vanity Fair,[360] as well as New York City Council member Ydanis Rodríguez.[361] An NBC reporter's press pass was also confiscated.[362]

While the police cleared the park, credentialed members of the media were kept a block away, preventing them from documenting the event.[363][364] Police helicopters prevented NBC and CBS news helicopters from filming the clearing of the park.[365] Many journalists complained of being treated roughly or violently by the police.[366][367][368][369] The Society of Professional Journalists, the Committee to Protect Journalists, Reporters Without Borders and the New York Civil Liberties Union expressed concerns and criticisms regarding the situation.[356][370][371][372] The OAS Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression issued a statement saying that the "disproportionate restrictions on access to the scene of the events, the arrests, and the criminal charges resulting from the performance of professional duties by reporters violate the right to freedom of expression."[373]

On November 21, the New York Daily News, the New York Post, the Associated Press, Dow Jones, NBC Universal and WNBC-TV joined in a letter written by New York Times General Council George Freeman criticizing the New York Police Department's handling of the media during the raid.
[374]

Half an hour into the police removal, the Occupy Wall Street Media Team put out an official statement under the heading, "You can't evict an idea whose time has come." It went on to say, "Some politicians may physically remove us from public spaces — our spaces — and, physically, they may succeed. But we are engaged in a battle over ideas."[107]

The tents and personal effects of the protesters, and the five thousand books of The People's Library[375] were put in dump trucks by the police and removed.[376] On the November 15 edition of The Rachel Maddow Show, footage of the raid was shown with the following commentary:

"New York City police officers dressed in riot gear, handed out a written notice to the protesters telling them where their personal articles from the encampment could be retrieved, which sounds lovely until you saw what they were doing to the protesters` personal belongings. There were reports that police use knives to cut up the sturdy military-grade tents that were the best hope of surviving winter down there. You can see police here cutting down the protesters` tent poles with hand-held saws, with sawsalls."[377][378]

Computers retrieved after the raid were found to be smashed.[379][380][381][382][383]

After the removal, New York City officials ordered police to keep the entire park closed and to prevent any protesters from returning, pending the outcome of a court hearing on whether and in what circumstances the protesters could return; a judge issued a temporary restraining order that protesters could return to the park with their tents, which Washington Post opinion writer James Downie accused Mayor Bloomberg of ignoring.[384][385] A judge in the late afternoon ruled that the temporary order should not be extended, saying that the First Amendment did not give protesters the right to fill the park with "tents, structures, generators, and other installations to the exclusion of the owner's reasonable rights and duties to maintain Zuccotti Park."[106][386]

On November 17, journalists representing the Indypendent Reader, IMC and In These Times were arrested.[387][388] Two reporters for the Daily Caller and a reporter for RT were reportedly struck with police batons.[388][389]

On December 6, Occupy Our Homes, an offshoot of Occupy Wall Street, embarked on a "national day of action" to protest the mistreatment of homeowners by big banks, who they say made billions of dollars off of the housing bubble by offering predatory loans and indulging in practices that took advantage of consumers. In more than two dozen cities across the nation the movement took on the housing crisis by re-occupying foreclosed homes, disrupting bank auctions and blocking evictions.[390]

On December 14, another OWS offshoot, Occupy DOE (Department of Education), joined with teachers and parents to protest at a school board meeting in the Queens district of New York City. The group claims that the Panel on Educational Policy (PEP), largely appointed by Mayor Bloomberg, is an illegitimate, undemocratic, "parody of a school board". The PEP was scheduled to vote on a plan to open two new charter schools in Brooklyn run by Success network, an organization run by a former city councilwoman with close ties to the mayor and his administration. Almost everyone on the Success board has been involved with the hedge fund or private equity industry. The perception that "the one percent" could open schools in Brooklyn neighborhoods, despite intense opposition by the public and many elected officials, has provoked intense anger.[391]

January 2012

On January 3, 2012, approximately 200 Occupy protesters performed a flash mob at the main concourse of New York's Grand Central Terminal, in protest against President Obama's signing into law of a defense act that the protesters perceived as detrimental to civil liberties.[392] It was reported that three people were arrested during the flash mob, and that it was a peaceful event.[392]

See also

Occupy articles

Other U.S. protests

International

Related articles

 

  • Social movements portal
  • Politics portal
  • Business and economics portal
  • Society portal
  • New York City portal
  • New York portal
  • United States portal

References

  1. ^ "Hundreds of Occupy Wall Street protesters arrested". BBC News. October 2, 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15140671. Retrieved October 2, 2011. 
  2. ^ a b "700 Arrested After Wall Street Protest on N.Y.'s Brooklyn Bridge". Fox News Channel. October 1, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/10/01/500-arrested-after-wall-street-protest-on-nys-brooklyn-bridge/?test=latestnews. Retrieved October 1, 2011. 
  3. ^ Gabbatt, Adam (October 6, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street: protests and reaction Thursday 6 October". Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/blog/2011/oct/06/occupy-wall-street-protests-live. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  4. ^ “Wall Street protests span continents, arrests climb“, Crain's New York Business, October 17, 2011.
  5. ^ "From a single hashtag, a protest circled the world". Brisbanetimes.com.au. 2011-10-19. http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/technology/technology-news/from-a-single-hashtag-a-protest-circled-the-world-20111019-1m72j.html. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  6. ^ a b Fleming, Andrew (September 27, 2011). "Adbusters sparks Wall Street protest Vancouver-based activists behind street actions in the U.S". The Vancouver Courier. http://www.vancourier.com/Adbusters+sparks+Wall+Street+protest/5466332/story.html. Retrieved September 30, 2011. 
  7. ^ a b Sira Lazar “Occupy Wall Street: Interview With Micah White From Adbusters”, Huffington Post, October 7, 2011, at 3:40 in interview
  8. ^ Adbusters, Adbusters, July 13, 2011; accessed September 30, 2011
  9. ^ Beeston, Laura (October 11, 2011). "The Ballerina and the Bull: Adbusters' Micah White on 'The Last Great Social Movement'". The Link. http://thelinknewspaper.ca/article/1951. Retrieved October 12, 2011. 
  10. ^ Schneider, Nathan (September 29, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street: FAQ". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/article/163719/occupy-wall-street-faq. Retrieved October 12, 2011. 
  11. ^ Saba, Michael (September 17, 2011). "Twitter #occupywallstreet movement aims to mimic Iran". CNN tech. http://www.cnn.com/2011/09/16/tech/social-media/twitter-occupy-wall-street/index.html. Retrieved September 17, 2011. 
  12. ^ Adbusters (August 23, 2011). "Anonymous Joins #OCCUPYWALLSTREET "Wall Street, Expect Us!" says video communique.". Adbusters. http://www.adbusters.org/blogs/adbusters-blog/anonymous-joins-occupywallstreet.html. Retrieved October 9, 2011. 
  13. ^ "Assange can still Occupy centre stage". Smh.com.au. 2011-10-29. http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/assange-can-still-occupy-centre-stage-20111028-1mo8x.html. Retrieved 2011-12-10. 
  14. ^ a b "'Occupy Wall Street' to Turn Manhattan into 'Tahrir Square'". IBTimes New York. September 17, 2011. http://newyork.ibtimes.com/articles/215511/20110917/occupy-wall-street-new-york-saturday-protest.htm. Retrieved October 10, 2011. 
  15. ^ "From a single hashtag, a protest circled the world". Brisbanetimes.com.au. 2011-10-19. http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/technology/technology-news/from-a-single-hashtag-a-protest-circled-the-world-20111019-1m72j.html. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  16. ^ "The Tyee – Adbusters' Kalle Lasn Talks About OccupyWallStreet". Thetyee.ca. http://thetyee.ca/News/2011/10/07/Kalle-Lasn-Occupy-Wall-Street/. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  17. ^ Batchelor, Laura (October 6, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street lands on private property". CNNMoney. http://money.cnn.com/2011/10/06/news/companies/occupy_wall_street_park/index.htm. Retrieved October 7, 2011. "Many of the Occupy Wall Street protesters might not realize it, but they got really lucky when they elected to gather at Zuccotti Park in downtown Manhattan" 
  18. ^ a b Occupy's new tactic has a powerful past By Sonia K. Katyal and Eduardo M. Peñalver, Special to CNN December 16, 2011
  19. ^ a b Apps, Peter (October 11, 2011). "Wall Street action part of global Arab Spring?". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/11/uk-global-politics-protest-idUSLNE79A03Z20111011. Retrieved 2011-11-24.  "What they all share in common is a feeling that the youth and middle class are paying a high price for mismanagement and malfeasance by an out-of-touch corporate, financial and political elite...they took on slogans from U.S. protesters who describe themselves as the "99 percent" paying the price for mistakes by a tiny minority."
  20. ^ a b Tahrir Square protesters send message of solidarity to Occupy Wall Street by Jack Shenker and Adam Gabbatt The Guardian, Tuesday 25 October 2011 "Much of the tactics, rhetoric and imagery deployed by protesters has clearly been inspired by this year's political upheavals in the Middle East..."
  21. ^ In the City and Wall Street, protest has occupied the mainstream By Polly Toynbee in The Guardian, Monday 17 October 2011 "From Santiago to Tokyo, Ottawa, Sarajevo and Berlin, spontaneous groups have been inspired by Occupy Wall Street."
  22. ^ Occupy Wall Street: A protest timeline "A relatively small gathering of young anarchists and aging hippies in lower Manhattan has spawned a national movement. What happened?"
  23. ^ a b c Top 5 targets of Occupy Wall Street The Christian Science Monitor by Maud Dillingham
  24. ^ a b Think Occupy Wall St. is a phase? You don't get it By Douglas Rushkoff, Special to CNN October 5, 2011 "...there are a wide array of complaints, demands, and goals from the Wall Street protesters: the collapsing environment, labor standards, housing policy, government corruption, World Bank lending practices, unemployment, increasing wealth disparity and so on...they believe they are symptoms of the same core problem. Are they ready to articulate exactly what that problem is and how to address it? No, not yet. But neither are Congress or the president..."
  25. ^ Occupy Wall Street: It’s Not a Hippie Thing By Roger Lowenstein, Bloomberg Businessweek October 27, 2011
  26. ^ Ben Piven (2011-10-07). "Occupy Wall Street: All day, all week". Aljazeera. http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/10/20111078196449621.html. Retrieved 2011-10-21. 
  27. ^ New York Times
  28. ^ a b "Occupy Protesters' One Demand: A New New Deal—Well, Maybe". Mother Jones. 2011-10-18. http://motherjones.com/politics/2011/10/occupy-wall-street-demands-new-deal. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  29. ^ Walsh, Joan (2011-10-20). "Do we know what OWS wants yet?". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/2011/10/20/do_we_know_what_ows_wants_yet/singleton/. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  30. ^ "The99PercentDeclaration". Sites.google.com. https://sites.google.com/site/the99percentdeclaration/. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  31. ^ "Liberty Square Blueprint — The Commons". Freenetworkmovement.org. http://www.freenetworkmovement.org/commons/index.php?title=Liberty_Square_Blueprint. Retrieved 2011-11-04. 
  32. ^ Naomi Wolf. Naomi Wolf guardian.co.uk, Friday 25 November 2011 12.25 EST http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/nov/25/shocking-truth-about-crackdown-occupy?INTCMP=SRCH
  33. ^ a b "Tax Data Show Richest 1 Percent Took a Hit in 2008, But Income Remained Highly Concentrated at the Top. Recent Gains of Bottom 90 Percent Wiped Out." Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Accessed October 2011.
  34. ^ “By the Numbers.” Demos.org. Accessed October 2011.
  35. ^ Alessi, Christopher (October). "Occupy Wall Street's Global Echo". Council on Foreign Relations. http://www.cfr.org/united-states/occupy-wall-streets-global-echo/p26216. Retrieved October 17, 2011. ""The Occupy Wall Street protests that began in New York City a month ago gained worldwide momentum over the weekend, as hundreds of thousands of demonstrators in nine hundred cities protested corporate greed and wealth inequality."" 
  36. ^ Jones, Clarence (October 17, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street and the King Memorial Ceremonies". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/clarence-b-jones/obama-mlk-memorial-_b_1016077.html. Retrieved October 17, 2011. ""The reality is that 'Occupy Wall Street' is raising the consciousness of the country on the fundamental issues of poverty, income inequality, economic justice, and the Obama administration's apparent double standard in dealing with Wall Street and the urgent problems of Main Street: unemployment, housing foreclosures, no bank credit to small business in spite of nearly three trillion of cash reserves made possible by taxpayers funding of TARP."" 
  37. ^ Chrystia Freeland (October 14, 2011). "Wall Street protesters need to find their 'sound bite'". The Globe and Mail (Toronto). http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/commentary/chrystia-freeland/wall-street-protesters-need-to-find-their-sound-bite/article2200223/. Retrieved October 17, 2011. 
  38. ^ Michael Hiltzik (October 12, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street shifts from protest to policy phase". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/oct/12/business/la-fi-hiltzik-20111012. Retrieved October 17, 2011. 
  39. ^ "Occupy Prescott protesters call for more infrastructure investment". Western News&Info, Inc.. http://www.dcourier.com/main.asp?SectionID=1&SubSectionID=1&ArticleID=100176. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  40. ^ ""We Are the 99 Percent" Creators Revealed". Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress.. http://motherjones.com/politics/2011/10/we-are-the-99-percent-creators. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  41. ^ "The World's 99 Percent". FOREIGN POLICY, PUBLISHED BY THE SLATE GROUP. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/18/occupy_wall_street_99_percent. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  42. ^ "Wall Street protests spread". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/2300-201_162-10009481-50.html. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  43. ^ Pear, Robert (October 25, 2011). "Top Earners Doubled Share of Nation’s Income, Study Finds". The New York Times Company. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/us/politics/top-earners-doubled-share-of-nations-income-cbo-says.html?_r=1. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  44. ^ "CBO: Incomes of top earners grow at a pace far faster than everyone else’s". The Washington Post. October 26, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/cbo-incomes-of-top-earners-grow-at-a-pace-far-faster-than-everyone-elses/2011/10/26/gIQAHlVFKM_story.html. Retrieved 11-17-11. 
  45. ^ It's the Inequality, Stupid By Dave Gilson and Carolyn Perot in Mother Jones, March/April 2011 Issue
  46. ^ Who are the 1 percent?, CNN, October 29, 2011
  47. ^ "Tax Data Show Richest 1 Percent Took a Hit in 2008, But Income Remained Highly Concentrated at the Top." Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Accessed October 2011.
  48. ^ Top Earners Doubled Share of Nation’s Income, Study Finds New York Times By Robert Pear, October 25, 2011
  49. ^ "Financial wealth" is defined by economists as "total net worth minus the value of one's home," including investments and other liquid assets.
  50. ^ a b Occupy Wall Street And The Rhetoric of Equality Forbes November 1, 2011 by Deborah L. Jacobs
  51. ^ Recent Trends in Household Wealth in the United States: Rising Debt and the Middle-Class Squeeze—an Update to 2007 by Edward N. Wolff, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, March 2010
  52. ^ Wealth, Income, and Power by G. William Domhoff of the UC-Santa Barbara Sociology Department
  53. ^ Norton, M. I., & Ariely, D. Building a Better America—One Wealth Quintile at a Time Perspectives on Psychological Science January 2011 6: 9-12
  54. ^ Kleinfield, N.R.; Buckley, Cara (September 30, 2011). "Wall Street Occupiers, Protesting Till Whenever". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/nyregion/wall-street-occupiers-protesting-till-whenever.html?_r=1&ref=occupywallstreet. Retrieved October 3, 2011. 
  55. ^ Protesters 'Occupy Wall Street' to Rally Against Corporate America, Ray Downs, Christian Post, September 18, 2011
  56. ^ a b Protesters Want World to Know They’re Just Like Us, Jocelyn Noveck, Associated Press via the Long Island Press, October 10, 2011
  57. ^ a b Who is Occupy Wall Street? After six weeks, a profile finally emerges. The Christian Science Monitor By Gloria Goodale, November 1, 2011
  58. ^ "Religion claims its place in Occupy Wall Street". Boston University. 2011. http://news.yahoo.com/religion-claims-place-occupy-wall-street-171204904.html. "Inside, a Buddha statue sits near a picture of Jesus, while a hand-lettered sign in the corner points toward Mecca." 
  59. ^ Vitchers, Tracey (September 26, 2011). "Occupying—Not Rioting—Wall Street". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tracey-e-vitchers/occupyingnot-riotingwall-_b_980003.html. Retrieved October 1, 2011. 
  60. ^ "As Occupy Wall Street explodes, the movement is being pegged as a left-wing Tea Party John Avlon on the key differences between the protests—and why they both miss the mark" "Tea Party for the Left?", The Daily Beast, posted October 10, 2011, accessed October 11, 2011
  61. ^ The Demographics Of Occupy Wall Street BY Sean Captain, Fast Company, Oct 19, 2011
  62. ^ "Infographic: Who Is Occupy Wall Street?". FastCompany.com. http://www.fastcompany.com//1792056/occupy-wall-street-demographics-infographic. Retrieved December 8, 2011. 
  63. ^ Parker, Kathleen (November 26, 2011). "Why African Americans aren’t embracing Occupy Wall Street". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-blacks-arent-embracing-occupy-wall-street/2011/11/16/gIQAwc3FwN_story.html. Retrieved December 8, 2011. 
  64. ^ Seltzer, Sarah (29 October 2011). "Where Are the Women at Occupy Wall Street?". The Nation. http://www.truth-out.org/where-are-women-occupy-wall-street/1319895284. Retrieved 11 November 2011. 
  65. ^ Penny, Laura (16 October 2011). "Protest By Consensus". New Statesman. http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/laurie-penny/2011/10/spain-movement-square-world. Retrieved 11 November 2011. 
  66. ^ Hinkle, A. Barton (4 November 2011). "OWS protesters have strange ideas about fairness". Richmond Times Dispatch. http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/rtd-opinion/2011/nov/04/tdopin02-hinkle-ows-protesters-have-strange-ideas--ar-1433590/. Retrieved 11 November 2011. 
  67. ^ Occupy Wall Street Expands, Tensions Mount Over Structure International Business Times by Jeremy B. White, October 25, 2011
  68. ^ "Occupy Wall Street’s Media Team, Columbia Journalism Review's New Frontier Database, October 5, 2011
  69. ^ New York City General Assembly website, last visited 20 Nov. 2011, http://www.nycga.net/groups/
  70. ^ The New York Observer, 8 Nov. 2011, "Occupy Wall Street Moves Indoors With Spokes Council," http://www.observer.com/2011/11/occupy-wall-street-moves-indoors-with-spokes-council/
  71. ^ "Does 'Occupy Wall Street' have leaders? Does it need any?". The Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2011/1010/Does-Occupy-Wall-Street-have-leaders-Does-it-need-any. Retrieved October 25, 2011. 
  72. ^ Astor, Maggie (October 4, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street Protests: A Fordham University Professor Analyzes the Movement". International Business Times. http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/224719/20111004/occupy-wall-street-protest-demands-zuccotti-heather-gautney-fordham.htm. Retrieved October 7, 2011. "Fordham University Sociologist Heather Gautney in an interview with the International Business Times 'the movement doesn't have leaders, but it certainly has organizers, and there are certainly people providing a human structure to this thing. There might not be these kinds of public leaders, but there are people running it, and I think that's inevitable.'" 
  73. ^ "Occupy Wall Street takes a new direction". Crain Communications Inc.. http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20111113/ECONOMY/311139975. Retrieved 11-13-11. 
  74. ^ "5 Occupy Wall Street Leaders (Update 1)". TheStreet, Inc.. http://www.thestreet.com/story/11292354/1/5-occupy-wall-street-leaders.html. Retrieved 11-14-11. 
  75. ^ "Leaderless, consensus-based participatory democracy and its discontents". The Economist. 19 October 2011. http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2011/10/occupy-wall-street-3. Retrieved 14 December 2011. 
  76. ^ a b Burruss, Logan (November 21, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street has money to burn". CNN.com. http://money.cnn.com/2011/11/21/news/occupy_wall_street_money/. Retrieved 11-21-11. 
  77. ^ a b "Protest's Money Problem. Occupy Wall Street May Have to Appoint Leaders to Deal With Its Donations" by Andrew Grossman. The Wall Street Journal. October 27, 2011
  78. ^ Grossman, Andrew (2011-10-27). "Occupy Wall Street's Money Problem — WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203687504577000320434317092.html. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  79. ^ Frank, Robert (2011-10-22). "Goldman Sachs Sends Its Regrets to This Awkward Dinner Invitation". Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203752604576645480987452682.html. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  80. ^ "Money Donated To Occupy Wall Street Brings Much Needed Supplies And Tension" by Lila Shapiro. The Huffington Post. October 24, 2011.
  81. ^ "Somewhere between 100 and 200 people sleep in Zuccotti Park...." "Many occupiers were still in their sleeping bags at 9 or 10 am" Wall Street functions like a small city, Associated Press, October 7, 2011
  82. ^ a b The Occupy Economy, by Anne Kadet, Wall Street Journal, October 15, 2011
  83. ^ Oloffson, Kristi (October 12, 2011). "Food Vendors Find Few Customers During Protest". Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2011/10/12/food-vendors-find-few-customers-during-protest/. Retrieved 24 October 2011. 
  84. ^ GIOVE, CANDICE (13 November 2011). "Occupy Wall Street costs local businesses $479,400!". New York Post. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/item_Wq8d8Q0M0W98jwaQAVPvYL. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  85. ^ Protest mob is enjoying rich diet By REBECCA ROSENBERG, New York Post, October 19, 2011
  86. ^ Occupy Wall Street kitchen staff protesting fixing food for freeloaders By Selim Algar and Bob Fredricks, New York Post, October 27, 2011
  87. ^ Check Out All The Awesome Amenities at Occupy Wall Street's Camp, Business Insider,October 7, 2011
  88. ^ Occupy Wall Street Ignites Political Hackathon, Keith Axline and Bryan Derballa, October 7, 2011
  89. ^ "There are no bathrooms in the park, so protesters go to nearby businesses like Burger King and McDonald's. 'Anywhere we can go that they won't throw us out,' Cristiano said." Wall Street functions like a small city, Associated Press, October 7, 2011
  90. ^ Wall Street Occupiers Rely on Free Showers, Esmé E. Deprez, Bloomberg News, October 10, 2011
  91. ^ Kadet, Anne (October 15, 2011). "The Occupy Economy". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204002304576631084250433462.html/. 
  92. ^ Richard Kim on October 3, 2011 – 7:19 pm ET (October 3, 2011). "We Are All Human Microphones Now". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/blog/163767/we-are-all-human-microphones-now. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  93. ^ "A general assembly of anyone who wants to attend meets twice daily. Because it's hard to be heard above the din of lower Manhattan and because the city is not allowing bullhorns or microphones, the protesters have devised a system of hand symbols. Fingers downward means you disagree. Arms crossed means you strongly disagree. Announcements are made via the "people's mic... you say it and the people immediately around you repeat it and pass the word along. "Wall Street functions like a small city, Associated Press, October 7, 2011
  94. ^ "Behind the sign marked “info” sat computers, , generators, wireless routers, and lots of electrical cords. This is the media center, where the protesters group and distribute their messages. Those who count themselves among the media team for Occupy Wall Street are self appointed; the same goes with all teams within this community." ""I later learned that power comes from a gas-powered generator which runs, among other things, multiple 4G wireless Internet hotspots that provide Internet access to the scrappy collection of laptops." "Occupy Wall Street’s Media Team, Columbia Journalism Review's New Frontier Database, October 5, 2011
  95. ^ The Technology Propelling #OccupyWallStreet , the Daily Beast , October 6, 2011
  96. ^ New York Authorities Remove Fuel, Generators From Occupy Wall Street Site, Esmé E. Deprez and Charles Mead, Bloomberg News, Oct 28, 2011; accessed November 2, 2011
  97. ^ With Generators Gone, Wall Street Protesters Try Bicycle Power, Colin Moynihan, New York Times, October 30, 2011; accessed November 2, 2011
  98. ^ "as the protest has grown, the media team has been busy coordinating, notably through the “unofficial,” Occupytogether.org. It’s a hub for all Occupy-inspired happenings and updates, a key part of the internal communications network for the Occupy demonstrations. While sitting in the media tent I saw several Skype sessions with other demonstrators. At one point a bunch of people gathered around a computer shouting, “Hey Scotland!” Members of the media team also maintain a livestream, and keep a steady flow of updates on Twitter, Facebook, and Tumblr." "Occupy Wall Street’s Media Team, Columbia Journalism Review's New Frontier Database, October 5, 2011
  99. ^ "Voices from Zuccotti: Steve Syrek, 33". The New York Daily News. YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUFn8kKDwuk. Retrieved 2011-11-20. "I've even got one guy who wants to help us procure any materials we want from the interlibrary loan system, which means we are a legitimate, fully functioning research library. Someone could come here and request an article of any kind and we could theoretically get it for free and give it to them." 
  100. ^ Kelly: Protesters To Be ‘Met With Force’ If They Target Officers, CBS News, October 6, 2011
  101. ^ Grossman, Andrew (September 26, 2011). "Protest Has Unlikely Host". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204831304576593371443552888.html. Retrieved October 9, 2011. 
  102. ^ a b Allison Kilkenny on October 14, 2011 – 8:46 am ET. "Occupy Wall Street Protesters Win Showdown With Bloomberg". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/blog/163981/occupy-wall-street-protesters-win-showdown-bloomberg. Retrieved October 16, 2011. 
  103. ^ a b "Cleanup Canceled", BusinessWeek, 2011-10-14.
  104. ^ Deprez, Esmé E., Joel Stonington and Chris Dolmetsch, "Occupy Wall Street Park Cleaning Postponed", Bloomberg, Oct 14, 2011 11:37 AM EDT.
  105. ^ Walker, Jade (November 15, 2011). "Zuccotti Park Eviction: NYPD Orders Occupy Wall Street Protesters To Temporarily Evacuate Park [LATEST UPDATES]". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/15/zuccotti-park-evacuation_n_1094164.html. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  106. ^ a b CNN Wire Staff (November 15, 2011). "New York court upholds eviction of "Occupy" protesters". www.cnn.com. http://www.cnn.com/2011/11/15/us/new-york-occupy-eviction/index.html?hpt=hp_t1. Retrieved November 15, 2011. "A New York Supreme Court has ruled not to extend a temporary restraining order that prevented the eviction of "Occupy" protesters who were encamped at Zuccotti Park, considered a home-base for demonstrators. Police in riot gear cleared out the protesters early Tuesday morning, a move that attorneys for the loosely defined group say was unlawful. But Justice Michael Stallman later ruled in favor of New York city officials and Brookfield properties, owners and developers of the privately-owned park in Lower Manhattan. The order does not prevent protesters from gathering in the park, but says their First Amendment rights not do include remaining there, "along with their tents, structures, generators, and other installations to the exclusion of the owner's reasonable rights and duties to maintain Zuccotti Park."" 
  107. ^ a b "You can't evict an idea whose time has come."- official statement of Occupy Wall Street Media Team, posted November 15, 2011, 1:36 a.m. EST
  108. ^ Business Owners Divided on Occupy Wall Street - Business - msnbc.com 11/19/2011, Retrieved 12/18/11
  109. ^ "Occupy Wall Street: More popular than you think – Political Hotsheet". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20120052-503544.html. Retrieved October 16, 2011. 
  110. ^ "Most Americans Uncertain About "Occupy Wall Street" Goals". Gallup.com. http://www.gallup.com/poll/150164/americans-uncertain-occupy-wall-street-goals.aspx. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  111. ^ "Poll: 43 percent agree with views of "Occupy Wall Street"". CBS News. October 25, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20125515-503544/poll-43-percent-agree-with-views-of-occupy-wall-street/. 
  112. ^ "Poll: Occupy Wall Street Starts Off With Favorable Ratings". Slate. October 5, 2011. http://www.slate.com/blogs/weigel/2011/10/05/poll_occupy_wall_street_starts_off_with_favorable_ratings.html. 
  113. ^ Pew Research Center, "Public Divided Over Occupy Wall Street Movement," October 24th 2011.
  114. ^ "Poll: Most Americans Support Occupy Wall Street". The Atlantic. October 19, 2011. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/10/poll-most-americans-support-occupy-wall-street-taxing-millionaires/246963/. 
  115. ^ "Occupy Wall Street: Most N.Y. voters back protests, poll finds". The Los Angeles Times. October 17, 2011. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2011/10/occupy-wall-street-new-yorkers-quinnipiac-poll.html. 
  116. ^ "Occupy Wall Street Seeks Mainstream Appeal". October 18, 2011. http://slatest.slate.com/posts/2011/10/18/occupy_wall_street_poll_shows_protests_mainstream_popularity.html. 
  117. ^ Associated Press (2011-11-01). "Poll: More NY voters support Occupy Wall Street — WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. http://online.wsj.com/article/AP90ca9632708b4bc38476140917973b7c.html. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  118. ^ "Survey: 3 in 10 Americans identify with Occupy, Tea Party movements". CNN.com. November 17, 2011. http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/11/17/survey-a-third-of-americans-identify-with-occupy-tea-party-movements/. 
  119. ^ Zeke Miller (2011-11-03). "In Reversal, More Americans Oppose Occupy Wall Street Than Support It — Business Insider". Articles.businessinsider.com. http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-11-03/politics/30353835_1_tea-party-movement-unfavorable-view-positive-views#ixzz1dY2Je9NI. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  120. ^ a b Quinnipiac University — Office of Public Affairs (2011-11-03). "National (US) Poll * November 3, 2011 * U.S. Voters Say Super Committe — Quinnipiac University – Hamden, Connecticut". Quinnipiac.edu. http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1295.xml?ReleaseID=1670. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  121. ^ Pew Research Center, "Frustration with Congress Could Hurt Republican Incumbents" December 15, 2011. Section Two: "Occupy Wall Street and Inequality," page 11
  122. ^ Populist Movements Rooted in Same Soil The Wall Street Journal By GERALD F. SEIB, NOVEMBER 15, 2011 "You know how they have been pigeonholed: The tea-party movement is nothing but a collection of right-wing, under-educated rubes and radicals, while the Occupy Wall Street movement attracts only young, scruffy, unemployed left-wing zealots."
  123. ^ Pew Research Center, "Frustration with Congress Could Hurt Republican Incumbents" December 15, 2011. Section Two: "Occupy Wall Street and Inequality," page 12
  124. ^ Memoli, Michael A. (July 13, 2011). "Obama news conference: Obama: Occupy Wall Street protests show Americans' frustration". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-obama-occupy-wall-street-20111006,0,1992639.story. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  125. ^ Salazar, Cristian (October 6, 2011). "Obama acknowledges Wall Street protests as a sign". BusinessWeek. Associated Press. http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9Q6U0O83.htm. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  126. ^ "Obama Speaks on Occupy Wall Street Oct 6th". YouTube. October 6, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBWNH0Q1fLQ. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  127. ^ Tapper, Jake (October 6, 2011). "Wall Street Corruption, Solyndra, and Fast & Furious: Today's Q's for O". abcnews.go.com. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/10/wall-street-corruption-solyndra-and-fast-furious-todays-qs-for-o-1062011/. 
  128. ^ "Obama: Not all pre-crisis financial ploys illegal". Associated Press. October 6, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63IfSnEOI. 
  129. ^ "Obama: Occupy Wall Street ‘Not That Different’ From Tea Party Protests — ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/10/obama-occupy-wall-street-not-that-different-from-tea-party-protests. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  130. ^ "Obama: Occupy Wall Street 'Not That Different' From Tea Party Protests — Yahoo! News". News.yahoo.com. http://news.yahoo.com/obama-occupy-wall-street-not-different-tea-party-171041906.html. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  131. ^ a b c Montopoli, Brian (November 22, 2011). "'Mic check': Occupy protesters interrupt Obama". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-57329652-503544/mic-check-occupy-protesters-interrupt-obama/. 
  132. ^ a b "OWS protesters interrupt Obama's speech (VIDEO)". RT. November 23, 2011. http://rt.com/usa/news/obama-occupy-wall-street-985/. 
  133. ^ "'Occupy' protesters disrupt Obama speech". CNN. November 22, 2011. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/11/22/occupy-protesters-disrupt-obama-speech/. 
  134. ^ Oliphant, James (October 6, 2011). "Biden: The "middle class has been screwed". cbsnews. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20116717-503544.html. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  135. ^ "Pelosi Supports Occupy Wall Street Movement". ABC news. October 9, 2011. http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/pelosi-supports-occupy-wall-street-movement/story?id=14696893. 
  136. ^ "Bernie Sanders and Keith Olbermann on Wall Street Protests". NationofChange. http://www.nationofchange.org/bernie-sanders-and-keith-olbermann-celebrate-wall-street-protests-1317392475. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  137. ^ Isidore, Chris (October 7, 2011). "Obama, Cantor spar over Occupy Wall Street". @CNNMoney. http://money.cnn.com/2011/10/07/news/economy/occupy_wall_street/. 
  138. ^ "CPC Co-Chairs Applaud Occupy Wall Street Movement". Congressional Progressive Caucus. October 4, 2011.
  139. ^ "100,000 Strong Standing with Occupy Wall Street". DCCC. http://dccc.org/pages/occupytwad/. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  140. ^ "Paul supports anti-Wall Street protests". TheHill.com. October 3, 2011.
  141. ^ Eric W. Dolan (2007-11-13). "Ron Paul on ‘Occupy’ protests: I’m all for going after crony capitalism". The Raw Story. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/11/09/ron-paul-on-occupy-protests-im-all-for-going-after-crony-capitalism/. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  142. ^ "(Mic) Check Yourself: Ron Paul Town Hall Gets Occupied ~ New World Radical". Newworldradical.com. 2011-11-21. http://www.newworldradical.com/2011/11/mic-check-yourself-ron-paul-town-hall.html. Retrieved 2011-12-05. 
  143. ^ "'Mic check': OWS protesters heckle Obama, Ron Paul at speeches". OpenGlobe. http://theopenglobe.org/wiki/'Mic_check':_OWS_protesters_heckle_Obama,_Ron_Paul_at_speeches. Retrieved 2011-12-05. 
  144. ^ "Herman Cain Tells Occupy Wall Street Protesters to 'Blame Yourself'". ABC News. October 5, 2011.
  145. ^ "Herman Cain: I'm More Than the 'Anti-Romney'". Wall Street Journal. October 5, 2011. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2011/10/05/herman-cain-im-more-than-the-anti-romney/. 
  146. ^ Terkel, Amanda (October 11, 2011). "Newt Gingrich On Occupy Wall Street: Barney Frank, Chris Dodd Should Go To Jail (VIDEO)". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/11/newt-gingrich-dodd-frank-occupy-wall-street-debate_n_1006165.html. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  147. ^ "Newt Gingrich | Occupy Wall Street | Take A Bath". The Daily Caller. http://dailycaller.com/2011/11/21/gingrich-to-occupy-go-get-a-job-right-after-you-take-a-bath-video/#ixzz1eNnrCG1N. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  148. ^ WCVBtv. "Romney On Occupy Wall Street Protests". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJ_orudj6hA. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  149. ^ Boxer, Sarah (October 5, 2011). "Romney: Wall Street Protests 'Class Warfare'". National Journal. http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-presidential-campaign/romney-wall-street-protests-class-warfare--20111004. Retrieved October 8, 2011. 
  150. ^ Geiger, Kim (October 11, 2011). "Mitt Romney sympathizes with Wall Street protesters". chicagotribune.com. http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/politicsnow/la-pn-romney-wall-street-20111011,0,4608358.story. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  151. ^ Burns, Alexander (October 6, 2011). "Buddy Roemer: The Occupy Wall Street candidate?". Burns & Haberman. Politico.com. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1011/65378.html. 
  152. ^ Friedersdorf, Conor (October 20, 2011). "Cautiously, Libertarians Reach Out to Occupy Wall Street". The Atlantic. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/10/cautiously-libertarians-reach-out-to-occupy-wall-street/247045/. Retrieved October 22, 2011. 
  153. ^ "Jill Stein @ #OccupyBoston — October 9th, 2011". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnPvgeZG_2Y&w=560&h=315. Retrieved 2011-12-08. 
  154. ^ "Occupy Wall Street protesters running out of space". MSNBC. October 9, 2011. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44834449. 
  155. ^ a b c Seifman, David; O'Connor, Maura; Mangan, Dan (October 9, 2011). "Bloomberg blasts Wall Street protests as bad for the city". NY Post (New York). http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/driving_mike_up_the_wall_IHDGV6o4aelsoDQX2iuZTM. Retrieved October 10, 2011. 
  156. ^ "Russ Feingold endorses Occupy Wall Street: 'This will make the Tea Party look like...a tea party.'". The Washington Post. October 5, 2011
  157. ^ "Colin Powell: Listen to Occupy Wall Street — MJ Lee". Politico.Com. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1111/68154.html. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  158. ^ "Occupy Wall Street gets union support". United Press International. September 30, 2011. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2011/09/30/Occupy-Wall-Street-gets-union-support/UPI-89641317369600. Retrieved October 2, 2011. 
  159. ^ Seeking Energy, Unions Join Protest Against Wall Street By STEVEN GREENHOUSE and CARA BUCKLEY, October 5, 2011
  160. ^ Times Topics, Occupy Wall Street background, retrieved November 12, 2011
  161. ^ IWW.org Editor, "IWW Endorses Occupy Wall Street," http://www.iww.org/en/content/iww-endorses-occupy-wall-street retrieved October 22, 2011
  162. ^ IWW.org Editor, "IWW General Defense Committee Statement in Support of Occupy Wall Street," http://www.iww.org/en/content/iww-general-defense-committee-statement-support-occupy-wall-street retrieved October 22, 2011
  163. ^ "Anti-Wall Street protests spread nationwide". Associated Press. Yahoo News. October 3, 2011. http://news.yahoo.com/anti-wall-street-protests-spread-nationwide-210839665.html. Retrieved October 28, 2011. 
  164. ^ Krieg, Gregory J. (October 5, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street Protests: Police Make Numerous Arrests". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/US/labor-unions-join-occupy-wall-street-york-rally/story?id=14673346. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  165. ^ Nurses, National (2011-11-03). "Nurses from Four Continents Urge Global Finance Tax; "We Are Running Out of Time" - PR Newswire". sacbee.com. http://www.sacbee.com/2011/11/03/4029485/nurses-from-four-continents-urge.html. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  166. ^ Kroll, Andy (October 5, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street, Powered by Big Labor". MotherJones.com. http://motherjones.com/politics/2011/10/occupy-wall-street-labor-unions?utm_source=twitterfeed. 
  167. ^ Greenhouse, Steven (November 8, 2011). "Occupy Movement Inspires Unions to Embrace Bold Tactics". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/09/business/occupy-movement-inspires-unions-to-embrace-bold-tactics.html. 
  168. ^ "endorses Occupy Wall Street!". UAW. http://www.uaw.org/page/uaw-endorses-occupy-wall-street. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  169. ^ Garofalo, P. (October 5, 2011) "Bernanke on Occupy Wall Street" ThinkProgress.org
  170. ^ "Bernanke takes on Occupy Wall Street". Capitol Hill Publishing Corp. http://thehill.com/blogs/on-the-money/801-economy/191415-bernanke-takes-on-critics-defends-fed-efforts-to-boost-economy. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  171. ^ Nichols, M. (October 7, 2011) "Protests spread to more than a dozen cities" Reuters
  172. ^ Grant, Drew Grant; Sanders, Anna (September 30, 2011). "Media Coverage: Must Reads." The New York Observer. Accessed November 2011.
  173. ^ Goodale, Gloria (October 5, 2011). "'Occupy Wall Street': Why this revolution isn't made for TV." The Christian Science Monitor. Accessed November 2011.
  174. ^ Udstuen, Lukas; et al. (October 11, 2011.) "U.S. News: Occupy Wall Street Media Coverage." NewsNY. Accessed November 2011.
  175. ^ a b Stoeffel, Kat (September 26, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street's Media Problems". The New York Observer. http://www.observer.com/2011/09/occupy-wall-streets-media-problems/. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  176. ^ "Will Bunch on mainstream media's failure to cover Occupy Wall Street protests". Countdown with Keith Olberann. current.com. September 21, 2011. http://current.com/shows/countdown/videos/will-bunch-author-of-the-backlash-on-mainstream-medias-failure-to-cover-wall-street-protests. Retrieved September 22, 2011. 
  177. ^ "The Wall Street Protesters: What the Hell Do They Want?". observer.com. September 21, 2011. http://www.observer.com/2011/09/the-wall-street-protesters-what-the-hell-do-they-want/. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  178. ^ Bellafante, Ginia (September 23, 2011). "Gunning For Wall Street, With Faulty Aim". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/nyregion/protesters-are-gunning-for-wall-street-with-faulty-aim.html. 
  179. ^ Weiss, Joanna (September 27, 2011). "The right way to get heard". The Boston Globe. http://articles.boston.com/2011-09-27/bostonglobe/30209075_1_tea-party-protest-female-protesters-liberal-rage/2. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  180. ^ Ellis, Lauren (September 27, 2011). "Is #OccupyWallStreet Working?". Mother Jones. http://motherjones.com/mojo/2011/09/occupy-wall-street. Retrieved October 3, 2011. 
  181. ^ Wolff, Richard (Oct. 4). "Occupy Wall Street ends capitalism's alibi". London: TheGuardian.co.uk. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/oct/04/occupy-wall-street-new-york. 
  182. ^ Wall Street rallies could be left’s Tea Party msnbc.com. Accessed: October 7, 2011.
  183. ^ "Occupy" protesters garner increased support. CBS News. Accessed: October 9, 2011
  184. ^ Matchar, Emily (February 24, 2011). "Will Occupy Wall Street’s spark reshape our politics?". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/will-occupy-wall-streets-spark-reshape-our-politics/2011/10/10/gIQArPJjcL_story.html. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  185. ^ "The Hipster Cop: An Occupy Wall Street Conversation". gq.com. http://www.gq.com/style/profiles/201110/hipster-cop-rick-lee-interview-occupy-wall-street. Retrieved 11-10-11. 
  186. ^ Kilgannon, Cory (October 18, 2011). "Revealed: The Officer Behind the Skinny Tie". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/18/in-a-sea-of-protesters-one-mysterious-and-well-dressed-officer/. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  187. ^ Hennelly, Bob. "NYPD Overtime For Wall Street Protests Divides City Council". http://www.wnyc.org/blogs/wnyc-news-blog/2011/oct/27/nypd-overtime-wall-street-protests-divides-city-council/. Retrieved October 31, 2011. 
  188. ^ Buckley, Cara; Flegenheimer, Matt (November 8, 2011). "At Scene of Wall St. Protest, Rising Concerns About Crime". New York times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/09/nyregion/at-occupy-wall-street-protest-rising-concern-about-crime.html?_r=1. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  189. ^ Carl Franzen November 17, 2011, 6:43 PM (2011-11-17). "LRAD Defends ‘Sound Cannon’ Use At Occupy Wall Street | TPM Idea Lab". Idealab.talkingpointsmemo.com. http://idealab.talkingpointsmemo.com/2011/11/lrad-explains-sound-cannon-use-at-occupy-wall-street.php. Retrieved 2011-12-10. 
  190. ^ Hennigan, W.J. (2011-12-02). "LRAD: Police are all ears when it comes to sound cannons — Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/dec/02/business/la-fi-sound-cannon-20111202. Retrieved 2011-12-10. 
  191. ^ Shaun Waterman (December 20, 2011). "Hackers post cops’ personal data to avenge Occupy movement". The Washington Times. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/dec/20/hackers-post-cops-personal-data-online/. Retrieved December 21, 2011. 
  192. ^ Indignados en Brasil: manifestaciones son pacíficas y cuentan con el apoyo de presidenta, La Tercera, October 15, 2011; accessed October 20, 2011
  193. ^ "Occupy Wall Street" protests go global, CBS News, October 15, 2011; accessed October 20, 2011
  194. ^ "Finance Minister sympathizes with #OccupyWallSt protesters ", Zi-Ann Lum. Vancouver Observer. 13 october 2011. Accessed 13 october 2011
  195. ^ "Protests reveal US 'messy house': China agency". AFP. October 10, 2011. http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5goeWRCoxUSA0UdBOp7zDIFWhUYJw?docId=CNG.b398dca3be09b742ac9603ec4088bcb7.6d1. Retrieved October 11, 2011. 
  196. ^ Greek PM supports US protests, urges pragmatism at home, Agence France-Presse via MSN.com, October 12, 2011; accessed October 12, 2011
  197. ^ Goodman, Amy (2011-12-09). "Ex-Greek PM George Papandreou on Greece’s Fiscal Crisis and Why He Backs Occupy Movement". Democracy Now! (Durban, South Africa). http://www.democracynow.org/2011/12/9/exclusive_ex_greek_pm_george_papandreou. Retrieved 2011-12-10. 
  198. ^ Singh swims with civil society tide - Anna to Wall Street protest, PM soft, Manini Chatterjee, The Telegraph, October 20, 2011; accessed October 20, 2011
  199. ^ THAROORE, ISHAAN (October 8, 2011). "North Korean State Press Writes About Occupy Wall Street". The Times (UK). http://globalspin.blogs.time.com/2011/10/11/north-korean-state-press-writes-about-occupy-wall-street/. Retrieved October 12, 2011. 
  200. ^ "News From Korean Central News Agency Of Dprk". Kcna.co.jp. http://www.kcna.co.jp/index-e.htm. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  201. ^ "AP Interview: Walesa backs Wall Street protesters". Wall Street Journal. October 13, 2011. http://online.wsj.com/article/APb6ba79d7a2c741ddb02b45462a3ad68e.html. 
  202. ^ "Gorbachev calls Wall Street protests just; Flaherty say they have a point", Colin Perkel. Winnipeg Free Press. 13 october 2011. Accessed 13 october 2011
  203. ^ Ex-British Chief Brown Says Wall Street Protests Seek Fairness, David Lynch, Reuters, October 21, 2011; accessed October 23, 2011
  204. ^ Tony Blair Criticizes Occupy Wall Street, Halah Touryalai, Forbes, November 2, 2011; accessed November 4, 2011
  205. ^ Vatican official defends Occupy Wall Street, Paddy Agnew, The Irish Times, October 25, 2011; accessed October 24, 2011
  206. ^ Vatican meets OWS: 'The economy needs ethics', Cathy Lynn Grossman, USA Today, October 24, 2011; accessed October 24, 2011
  207. ^ Vatican sides with ‘Occupy’ protesters in call for crackdown on financial markets, Phillip Pullella, National Post, October 24, 2011; accessed October 24, 2011
  208. ^ Pretel, Enrique Andres (October 8, 2011). "Hugo Chavez condemns 'horrible repression' of Wall Street protests". Toronto: Reuters. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/hugo-chavez-condemns-horrible-repression-of-wall-street-protests/article2195735/. Retrieved October 10, 2011. 
  209. ^ We need Occupy to help deliver equality by Kate Pickett in the Guardian, Tuesday 15 November 2011
  210. ^ "Occupy Wall St. Learns From Globalization Protests — Room for Debate". NYTimes.com. 2011-10-06. http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/10/06/can-occupy-wall-street-spark-a-revolution/occupy-wall-st-learns-from-globalization-protests. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  211. ^ "Cornel West on Occupy Wall Street: It's the Makings of a U.S. Autumn Responding to the Arab. Occupy Wall Street was hit by a major troll attack which caused to site to be member only. Spring". Democracy Now!. September 29, 2011. http://www.democracynow.org/blog/2011/9/29/cornel_west_on_occupy_wall_street_its_the_makings_of_a_us_autumn_responding_to_the_arab_spring. Retrieved September 30, 2011. 
  212. ^ Lawrence Lessig (Nov 16, 2011). "Republic, Lost: How Money Corrupts Congress—and a Plan to Stop I". Google, YouTube, Huffington Post. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ik1AK56FtVc. Retrieved 2011-12-13. "(see 34.09 minutes into the video)" 
  213. ^ "Žižek: Protestniki nismo komunisti". 24ur.com. http://24ur.com/novice/svet/zakona-med-kapitalizmom-in-demokracijo-je-konec.html. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  214. ^ om een reactie te plaatsen!. "SLAVOJ ZIZEK AT OWS (PART 1)". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eu9BWlcRwPQ&feature=player_embedded. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  215. ^ om een reactie te plaatsen!. "SLAVOJ ZIZEK AT OWS (PART 2)". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=7UpmUly9It4. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  216. ^ "Chris Hedges: This Is What Revolution Looks Like — Chris Hedges' Columns". Truthdig. 2011-04-08. http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/this_is_what_revolution_looks_like_20111115/. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  217. ^ Ehrenreich: Democratic establishment abandoned Occupy Wall Street The Guardian. Accessed: 29 November 2011.
  218. ^ "OccupyWriters.com". OccupyWriters.com. 1963-11-22. http://occupywriters.com/. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  219. ^ Witt, Emily. "The Zuccotti Literatti: Slumbering Prolixariat Awakes | The New York Observer". Observer.com. http://www.observer.com/2011/10/the-zuccotti-literatti-slumbering-prolixariat-awakes/. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  220. ^ a b c Solomon, Linda (September 30, 2011). "Michael Moore, Susan Sarandon, Margaret Atwood and Noam Chomsky throw weight behind #OccupyWallSt protest". The Vancouver Observer. http://www.vancouverobserver.com/politics/news/2011/09/30/michael-moore-susan-sarandon-margaret-atwood-and-noam-chomsky-throw-weight. Retrieved October 15, 2011. 
  221. ^ Chomsky, Noam (2011-11-01). "Occupy The Future". In These Times. http://inthesetimes.com/article/12206/occupy_the_future. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  222. ^ Alison Flood (October 20, 2011). "Occupy movement attracts support of top authors | Books | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/oct/20/occupy-movement-authors-atwood-rushdie. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  223. ^ Hynes, Eric (2011-10-25). "Neil Gaiman, Gloria Steinem and Other Writers on Occupy Wall Street". Slate.com. http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2011/10/25/neil_gaiman_gloria_steinem_and_other_writers_on_occupy_wall_stre.html. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  224. ^ Driscoll, Molly (October 19, 2011). "Lemony Snicket releases "Thirteen Observations on Occupy Wall Street"". The Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/Books/chapter-and-verse/2011/1019/Lemony-Snicket-releases-Thirteen-Observations-on-Occupy-Wall-Street. Retrieved October 30, 2011. 
  225. ^ Ravi Batra. ""The Occupy Wall Street Movement and the Coming Demise of Crony Capitalism," Truthout, October 11, 2011". http://www.truth-out.org/occupy-wall-street-movement-and-coming-demise-crony-capitalism/1318341474. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  226. ^ Kim Hill (October 27, 2011). "Economist Ravi Batra Offers Some Political-Economic Insights To The Occupywallstreeters". OpEdNews. http://www.opednews.com/articles/Economist-Ravi-Batra-Offer-by-Richard-Clark-111027-259.html. Retrieved November 20, 2011. 
  227. ^ Graeber, David (September 25, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street rediscovers the radical imagination". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/sep/25/occupy-wall-street-protest. 
  228. ^ Gonzalez, Juan (October 10, 2011). "Stéphane Hessel on Occupy Wall Street: Find the Time for Outrage When Your Values Are Not Respected". Democracy Now!. http://www.democracynow.org/blog/2011/10/10/stphane_hessel_on_occupy_wall_street_find_the_time_for_outrage_when_your_values_are_not_respected. 
  229. ^ Krugman, Paul (October 8, 2011). "Panic of the Plutocrats". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/opinion/panic-of-the-plutocrats.html. 
  230. ^ a b Lopez, Linette (September 30, 2011). "Joseph Stiglitz Was At Occupy Wall Street Yesterday And He Looked Like He Was Having A Great Time". Business Insider. http://www.businessinsider.com/joseph-stiglitz-was-at-occupy-wall-street-yesterday-and-he-looked-like-he-was-having-a-great-time-2011-10. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  231. ^ "Wikipedia Founder Backs Anti-Greed Demos". Sky News. October 18, 2011. http://news.sky.com/home/business/article/16090679. Retrieved October 21, 2011. 
  232. ^ Wolff, Richard (October 4, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street ends capitalism's alibi". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/oct/04/occupy-wall-street-new-york. 
  233. ^ Shira Ovide (October 11, 2011). "Billionaire Tells Occupy Wall Street to Get Off His Lawn". Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2011/10/11/billionaire-tells-occupy-wall-street-to-get-off-his-lawn/?mod=wsj_share_twitter. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  234. ^ Gus Lubin (October 12, 2011). "Now Vikram Pandit Has Responded To The Wall Street Protesters". Business Insider. http://www.businessinsider.com/vikram-pandit-responded-occupy-wall-street-protesters-2011-10. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  235. ^ Joe Weisenthal (October 11, 2011). "The Occupy Wall Street Protesters Are Just Fighting Back After "30 Years Of Being Shot At'". Business Insider. http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-10-11/wall_street/30265981_1_class-warfare-protesters-pimco. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  236. ^ Ezra Klein (October 14, 2011). "Financiers for Occupying Wall Street". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ezra-klein/post/financiers-for-occupying-wall-street/2011/08/25/gIQAypFwjL_blog.html. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  237. ^ In Defense of the 1%, by Peter Schiff, safehaven.com, October 28, 2011
  238. ^ Exclusive: Lobbying Firm's Memo Spells Out Plan to Undermine Occupy Wall Street, Sat Nov 19, 2011, by Jonathan Larsen and Ken Olshansky, MSNBC, msn.com, retrieved 2011 11 20
  239. ^ Kane, Muriel (October 14, 2011). "Tea Party co-founder expresses support for Occupy Wall Street". Raw Story. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/10/14/tea-party-co-founded-expresses-support-for-occupy-wall-street/. Retrieved October 25, 2011. 
  240. ^ Gus Lubin (October 19, 2011). "And Now Jeff Immelt Has Sided With Occupy Wall Street". Business Insider. http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-10-19/news/30295099_1_jeff-immelt-ge-s-ceo-vikram-pandit. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  241. ^ Lisa Du (October 22, 2011). "Bridgewater Founder Ray Dalio On Occupy Wall Street, The Economy, And The 'Cult' Of His Own Company". Business Insider. http://www.businessinsider.com/bridgewater-founder-ray-dalio-talked-about-ows-the-cult-of-his-company-with-charlie-rose-last-night-2011-10. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  242. ^ "Le milliardaire Soros soutient les "indignés" de Wall Street". Le Monde. France. http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2011/10/03/le-milliardaire-soros-soutient-les-indignes-de-wall-street_1581740_3222.html. Retrieved October 6, 2011. 
  243. ^ "Russell Simmons visits 'Occupy Wall Street' protesters with bottles of water, words of encouragement". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2011/09/30/2011-09-30_russell_simmons_visits_occupy_wall_street_protesters_with_bottles_of_water_words.html. Retrieved September 30, 2011. 
  244. ^ Derby, Samara Kalk, "Monona Terrace rocked by workers' rights concert", Wisconsin State Journal. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
  245. ^ "Occupy Wall Street: A protest timeline". TIMELINE (The Week). October 7, 2011. http://theweek.com/article/index/220100/occupy-wall-street-a-protest-timeline. Retrieved October 10, 2011. 
  246. ^ Zakarin, Jordan (October 2, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street: Celebrities Show Support". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/02/occupy-wall-street-celebrities-_n_991066.html. Retrieved October 4, 2011. 
  247. ^ "Michael Moore helps to "Occupy Wall Street"". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/09/27/national/main20112025.shtml. Retrieved September 30, 2011. 
  248. ^ Strachan, Jessica. "Michael Moore gives speech at Liberty Plaza for 'Occupy Wall Street'". The Flint Journal. http://www.mlive.com/entertainment/flint/index.ssf/2011/09/michael_moore_gives_speech_at.html. Retrieved September 27, 2011. 
  249. ^ "U.S. Day of Rage planned for Saturday – an Arab Spring in America?". The Washington Post. September 15, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/us-day-of-rage-planned-for-saturday--an-arab-spring-in-america/2011/09/15/gIQAd6uKVK_blog.html. Retrieved September 17, 2011. 
  250. ^ "To The Sep17 Occupiers "Moneyman" – Blog Detail". LupeFiasco.com. September 14, 2011. http://www.lupefiasco.com/news/ad146c-to-the-sep17-occupiers-moneyman/. Retrieved October 16, 2011. 
  251. ^ Cox, Jeff (September 28, 2011). "Susan Sarandon lends star power to Wall Street protests". The Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/Business/Latest-News-Wires/2011/0928/Susan-Sarandon-lends-star-power-to-Wall-Street-protests. Retrieved September 30, 2011. 
  252. ^ "Occupy Wall Street Protests: Mark Ruffalo Adds to Star Power, Christian News". Global.christianpost.com. October 4, 2011. http://global.christianpost.com/news/occupy-wall-street-protests-mark-ruffalo-adds-to-star-power-57169/. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  253. ^ "Jeff Mangum playing at Occupy Wall St! Watch it live!". You Ain't No Picasso. October 5, 2011. http://www.youaintnopicasso.com/2011/10/04/jeff-mangum-playing-at-occupy-wall-st-watch-it-live/. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  254. ^ Sundermann, Eric (October 13, 2011). "Tom Morello at Occupy Wall Street: 'Take It Easy, but Take It' - Performs four-song set as the Nightwatchman in support of protest movement". Rolling Stone. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/10/09/tom-morello-plays-at-occupy-los-angeles-protest/. Retrieved October 23, 2011. 
  255. ^ Moynihan, Colin (October 22, 2011). "Pete Seeger Leads Protesters, on Foot and in Song". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/22/pete-seeger-leads-protesters-on-foot-and-in-song/. Retrieved October 22, 2011. 
  256. ^ "From Tahrir to Wall Street: Egyptian Revolutionary Asmaa Mahfouz Speaks at Occupy Wall Street". Democracynow.org. http://www.democracynow.org/2011/10/25/from_tahrir_to_wall_street_egyptian. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
  257. ^ Zakarin, Jordan (October 24, 2011). "Sean Lennon Performs At Occupy Wall Street With Rufus Wainwright (VIDEO)". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/24/sean-lennon-performs-at-occupy-wall-street_n_1028924.html. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  258. ^ Wong, Curtis (October 24, 2011). "Rufus Wainwright, Sean Lennon Perform Madonna's 'Material Girl' At Occupy Wall Street Protests (VIDEO)". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/24/rufus-wainwright-sean-lennon-material-girl-ows_n_1029298.html. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  259. ^ "Give a wall street banker...". vimeo.com/above. http://vimeo.com/31551453. Retrieved October 25, 2011. 
  260. ^ "Occupy Art Has Miami Motorists Doing Double-Take". Donna Rappado. http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/Occupy-Art-Has-Miami-Motorists-Doing-Double-Take-133233768.html. Retrieved November 4, 2011. 
  261. ^ Vozick-Levinson, Simon (8 November 2011). "David Crosby and Graham Nash Perform at Occupy Wall Street". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/david-crosby-and-graham-nash-perform-at-occupy-wall-street-20111108. Retrieved 28 November 2011. 
  262. ^ Lysiak, Matthew; Siemaszko, Corky (2011-11-11). "Folkie protest singer Joan Baez sings for OWS protesters too young to know her". New York: NY Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/folkie-protest-singer-joan-baez-sings-ows-protesters-young-article-1.976364. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  263. ^ Occupy Musicians
  264. ^ Occupy Filmmakers
  265. ^ Occupy Comics
  266. ^ [Occupy Design http://occupydesign.org/]
  267. ^ Goodman, Amy (October 11, 2011). "Civil Rights Pioneer, Olympic Medalist John Carlos & Sportswriter Dave Zirin at Occupy Wall Street". Democracy Now!. http://www.democracynow.org/2011/10/11/civil_rights_pioneer_olympic_medalist_john. 
  268. ^ "Let's Occupy Wall Street!". anti-flag.com. September 30, 2011. http://www.anti-flag.com/?p=146. Retrieved October 1, 2011. 
  269. ^ "Hello Fluffy — Radiohead". http://www.radiohead.com/deadairspace/index.php?c=637. 
  270. ^ By Eric Sundermann (2011-10-07). "Talib Kweli at Occupy Wall Street: 'We Have to Grow' | Music News". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/talib-kweli-at-occupy-wall-street-we-have-to-grow-20111007. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  271. ^ Croghan, Lore (October 10, 2011). "Kanye West, Russell Simmons lend support to Occupy Wall Street protesters". Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2011/10/10/2011-10-10_kanye_west_russell_simmons_lend_support_to_occupy_wall_street_protesters.html. Retrieved October 15, 2011. 
  272. ^ a b Miley Cyrus supports Occupy Wall Street with new video The Los Angeles Times, November 28, 2011
  273. ^ Miley Cyrus’ ‘Occupy’ exploit New York Post, December 2, 2011
  274. ^ westandwiththe99percent blog
  275. ^ a b c Super-Wealthy Join Protesters on Wall Street, By Rebecca Rothbaum, Wall Street Journal, October 20, 2011.
  276. ^ Piazza, Jo (November 23, 2011). "Russell Simmons On Occupy Wall Street: 'It Is My Moral Duty To Do This'". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/23/russell-simmons-on-occupy_n_1108795.html. Retrieved 2011-12-05. 
  277. ^ Schoen, Douglas (18). "Polling the Occupy Wall Street Crowd". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204479504576637082965745362.html. "Last week, senior White House adviser David Plouffe said that "the protests you're seeing are the same conversations people are having in living rooms and kitchens all across America. . . . People are frustrated by an economy that does not reward hard work and responsibility, where Wall Street and Main Street don't seem to play by the same set of rules." Nancy Pelosi and others have echoed the message. Yet the Occupy Wall Street movement reflects values that are dangerously out of touch with the broad mass of the American people—and particularly with swing voters who are largely independent and have been trending away from the president since the debate over health-care reform. The protesters have a distinct ideology and are bound by a deep commitment to radical left-wing policies. On Oct. 10 and 11, Arielle Alter Confino, a senior researcher at my polling firm, interviewed nearly 200 protesters in New York's Zuccotti Park. Our findings probably represent the first systematic random sample of Occupy Wall Street opinion." 
  278. ^ David, Weigel (10). "Doug Schoen, the Official Anti-Spokesman of Occupy Wall Street". Slate. http://www.slate.com/blogs/weigel/2011/11/10/doug_schoen_the_official_anti_spokesman_of_occupy_wall_street.html. 
  279. ^ Steve, Benen (18). "Doug Schoen isn't helping his reputation". Washington Monthly. http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/political-animal/2011_10/doug_schoen_isnt_helping_his_r032892.php#. 
  280. ^ Luhby, Tami (2011-10-26). "The 53%: Occupy Wall Street backlash — Oct. 26, 2011". Money.cnn.com. http://money.cnn.com/2011/10/26/news/economy/occupy_wall_street_backlash/index.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  281. ^ Occupy Wall Street: 'We Are the 53%' Counter-Protestors Are in the Same Boat By Jim Edwards, CBS News October 12, 2011
  282. ^ Brownfield, Mike (October 18, 2011). "Morning Bell: Wall Street is the Wrong Place to Occupy". blog.heritage.org. The Heritage Foundation. http://blog.heritage.org/2011/10/18/morning-bell-wall-street-is-the-wrong-place-to-occupy/. Retrieved October 18, 2011. 
  283. ^ a b "Religion claims its place in Occupy Wall Street". Yahoo! News. 2011. http://news.yahoo.com/religion-claims-place-occupy-wall-street-171204904.html. "Mark Tooley of the Institute on Religion and Democracy, an advocacy group for conservative mainline Protestants, said while Occupy Wall Street has succeed in getting attention, it's limited because it's only attracting religious support from the left. A call for government redistribution of wealth and reliance on street activism doesn't appeal to the swath of suburban churchgoers with conservative political and religious leanings, he said." 
  284. ^ Chandler, Doug (October 18, 2011). "ADL Urges Protest Organizers To Condemn Anti-Semitic Incidents". The Jewish Week. http://www.thejewishweek.com/news/national/adl_urges_protest_organizers_condemn_anti_semitic_incidents. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  285. ^ Rubin, Jennifer (October 17, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street: Does anyone care about the anti-Semitism?". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/post/occupy-wall-street-does-anyone-care-about-the-anti-semitism/2011/03/29/gIQA43p8rL_blog.html. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  286. ^ Foxman, Abraham H. (17 October 2011). "ADL Calls On 'Occupy Wall Street' Organizers To Condemn Anti-Semitic Remarks Made At rallies". Anti-Defamation League. http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/6138_12.htm. 
  287. ^ Cohen, Richard (October 24, 2011). "Where are the anti-Semites of Occupy Wall Street?". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/where-are-the-anti-semites-of-occupy-wall-street/2011/10/24/gIQAP89eDM_story.html. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  288. ^ Berger, Joseph (October 21, 2011). "Cries of Anti-Semitism, but Not at Zuccotti Park". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/22/nyregion/occupy-wall-street-criticized-for-flashes-of-anti-semitism.html. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  289. ^ Einhiorn, Erin. "After conflicting remarks, Mayor Bloomberg chooses words carefully on Occupy Wall Street". New York: NYDailyNews.com. http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/conflicting-remarks-mayor-bloomberg-chooses-words-carefully-occupy-wall-street-article-1.976417?localLinksEnabled=false. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  290. ^ Saul, J. (October 20, 2011) "Angry Manhattan residents lambast Zuccotti Park protesters" New York Post
  291. ^ Faraci, Devin (18 October 2011). "Occupy Arrakis! Luke Skywalker Is The 99%!". Badass Digest. http://badassdigest.com/2011/10/18/occupy-arrakis-luke-skywalker-is-the-99/. Retrieved 30 October 2011. 
  292. ^ a b Wells, Jane (24 Oct 2011). "Occupy Movement Is Out of This World". CNBC. http://www.cnbc.com/id/45018850. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  293. ^ Hill, Michael (27 October 2011). "'Occupy' Protests Give Birth to New Catchphrase". Associated Press. ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/occupy-protests-give-birth-catchphrase-14823246. Retrieved 30 October 2011. 
  294. ^ Stampler, Laura (October 11, 2011). "Occupy Sesame Street Goes Viral". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/10/occupy-sesame-street_n_1004014.html. Retrieved 30 October 2011. 
  295. ^ "1% (Season 15, Episode 12) - Full Episode Player". South Park Studios. http://www.southparkstudios.com/full-episodes/s15e12-one-percent. Retrieved 2011-11-04. 
  296. ^ Ross, Dalton. "'South Park' review: Cartman was the '1%' | Ken Tucker's TV | EW.com". Watching-tv.ew.com. http://watching-tv.ew.com/2011/11/02/south-park-the-1-obama/. Retrieved 2011-11-04. 
  297. ^ Remy's Occupy Wall Street Protest Song, Reason magazine, October 10, 2011
  298. ^ Occupy Wall Street gets a theme song ... sort of, AFP, October 11, 2011
  299. ^ Waites, Rosie (20 October 2011). "V for Vendetta masks: Who's behind them?". BBC Online. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15359735. Retrieved 27 November 2011. 
  300. ^ dogandpanda. "#OWS montage to the song "Love, That's America" by Melvin Van Peebles". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGKuX8akRzw. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  301. ^ [1]
  302. ^ "İşgal hareketi şarkılarla büyüyor / Hayat / Radikal İnternet". Radikal.com.tr. http://www.radikal.com.tr/Radikal.aspx?aType=RadikalEklerDetayV3&Date=&ArticleID=1071503&CategoryID=79. Retrieved 2011-12-25. 
  303. ^ a b Freund, Helen; Cartwright, Lachlan; Saul, Josh (October 11, 2011). "'Occupy' crasher busted in grope". www.nypost.com. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/party_over_bum_ezkUNyRYN1Z94jCRyIddFM. 
  304. ^ Buckley, Cara; Flegenheimer, Matt (November 8, 2011). "At Scene of Wall St. Protest, Rising Concerns About Crime". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/09/nyregion/at-occupy-wall-street-protest-rising-concern-about-crime.html?_r=1. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  305. ^ Celona, Larry (October 18, 2011). "Thieves preying on fellow protesters". www.nypost.com. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/criminal_occupation_oh3CnKANUqYHrGPCaZaLRK. 
  306. ^ Siegal, Ida. "Man Arrested for Breaking EMT's Leg at Occupy Wall Street". NBC New York. http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Occupy-Wall-Street-EMT-Assaulted-Zuccotti-Park-Arrest-133613788.html. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  307. ^ "Michael Bloomberg: Crime at Occupy Wall Street goes unreported". Free Daily News Group Inc.. http://www.metro.us/newyork/local/article/1015197--michael-bloomberg-occupy-crime-is-unreported. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  308. ^ "Occupy Wall Street protesters at odds with Mayor Bloomberg, NYPD over crime in Zuccotti Park". New York: NYDailyNews.com. http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/occupy-wall-street-protesters-odds-mayor-bloomberg-nypd-crime-zuccotti-park-article-1.971741. Retrieved 11-11-11. 
  309. ^ http://i2.crtcdn1.net/shows/countdown/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/KOCompleteTranscript10-31-2011.pdf
  310. ^ New York Daily News, 30 Oct. 2011, "At Occupy Wall Street Central, a Rift Is Growing between East and West Sides of the Plaza: The Wall Street Protesters Determined to “Occupy Everything” Now Find Themselves, in a Sense, Occupied," http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/occupy-wall-street-central-a-rift-growing-east-west-sides-plaza-article-1.969320?pgno=2
  311. ^ OWS protester busted for allegedly threatening to hurl Molotov cocktails at Macy's, New York Post, November 16, 2011
  312. ^ "Protester Arrested After Threatening To Attack Macy's". NY1.com. http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/150863/protesters-to-move-beyond-the-park-in--day-of-action-. Retrieved 11-16-11. 
  313. ^ Wall Street Protester Who Threatened ‘Molotov Cocktail’ Arrested New York Magazine November 16, 2011 By Brett Smiley
  314. ^ Occupy Protester's Macy's Bomb Threat "Bluster:" Attorney, NBC, November 17, 2011
  315. ^ Nkrumah Tinsley, the protester accused of molotov cocktail threats, rants in court, New York Daily News, November 17, 2011
  316. ^ Harshbarger, Rebecca; Bob Fredericks. "Occupy protester busted with handgun and ammo, in more arrests at Zuccotti". New York Post. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/party_over_but_more_occupy_arrests_2Ouk2G4BfhM3YnQo5lLuMM#ixzz1eHbHaxOv. Retrieved 2011-12-29. 
  317. ^ "Occupy Wall Street Erects Women-Only Tent After Reports Of Sexual Assaults". The Gothamist News. http://gothamist.com/2011/11/05/occupy_wall_street_erects_women-onl.php. Retrieved 2011-11-21. 
  318. ^ Schram, Jamie (November 3, 2011). "Protester busted in tent grope, suspected in rape of another demonstrator". NY POST. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/protester_busted_in_tent_grope_QxAzp8mG8pULWA6cPzgnXL. Retrieved 2011-11-21. 
  319. ^ "Man Arrested For Groping Protester Also Eyed In Zuccotti Park Rape Case". WPIX. http://www.wpix.com/news/wpix-zuccotti-sex-abuse,0,2577863.story. Retrieved 2011-11-21. 
  320. ^ Dejohn, Irving; Kemp, Joe. "Arrest made in Occupy Wall St. sex attack; Suspect eyed in another Zuccotti gropingCase". New York: NY Daily News. http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-11-02/news/30352474_1_connecticut-man-encampment-demonstrators. Retrieved 2011-11-21. 
  321. ^ "Occupy Protests Plagued by Reports of Sex Attacks, Violent Crime". NY Daily News. November 9, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/11/09/rash-sex-attacks-and-violent-crime-breaks-out-at-occupy-protests. Retrieved 2011-11-21. 
  322. ^ Marcinek, Laura (September 19, 2011). "NYPD Arrest Seven Wall Street Protesters". Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-09-19/new-york-city-police-arrest-seven-wall-street-protesters.html. Retrieved September 21, 2011. 
  323. ^ Marcinek, Laura (September 19, 2011). "Wall Street Areas Blocked as Police Arrest Seven in Protest". Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-09-19/wall-street-areas-blocked-as-police-arrest-seven-in-protest.html. Retrieved September 21, 2011. 
  324. ^ Smith, Candice. "Occupy Wall Street Movement Reports 80 Arrested Today in Protests". abc. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2011/09/occupy-wall-street-movement-reports-80-arrested-today-in-protests/. Retrieved September 25, 2011. 
  325. ^ a b "Police Arrest 80 During 'Occupy Wall Street' Protest". Fox New.com. September 24, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/09/24/police-arrest-80-during-occupy-wall-street-protest/. Retrieved September 25, 2011. 
  326. ^ a b Moynihan, Colin (September 24, 2011). "80 Arrested as Financial District Protest Moves North". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/24/80-arrested-as-financial-district-protest-moves-north/?hp. Retrieved September 25, 2011. 
  327. ^ a b c d Christina Boyle and John Doyle. "Pepper-spray videos spark furor as NYPD launches probe of Wall Street protest incidents". The Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/news/ny_crime/2011/09/29/2011-09-29_probe_nypd_bigs_nasty_peppering_of_protesters_spray_it_aint_so.html. Retrieved October 11, 2011. 
  328. ^ a b c Al Baker and Joseph Goldstein (September 28, 2011). "Officer’s Pepper-Spraying of Protesters Is Under Investigation". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/28/police-department-to-examine-pepper-spray-incident/?scp=2&sq=anthony%20bologna&st=cse. Retrieved October 11, 2011. 
  329. ^ Karen McVeigh in New York (September 26, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street activists name officer over pepper spray incident | World news | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/sep/26/occupy-wall-street-police-named. Retrieved 2011-12-05. 
  330. ^ Nate Silver (October 7, 2011). "Police Clashes Spur Coverage of Wall Street Protests". The New York Times. http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/07/police-clashes-spur-coverage-of-wall-street-protests/. Retrieved October 11, 2011. 
  331. ^ Clyde Haberman (October 10, 2011). "A New Generation of Dissenters". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/a-new-generation-of-dissenters/. Retrieved October 11, 2011. 
  332. ^ Overtime, Solidarity and Complaints in Wall St. Protests. New York Times. October 13, 2011.
  333. ^ Rosen, Daniel Edward, "Is Ray Kelly’s NYPD Spinning Out of Control?", The [New York] Observer, 11/01/2011 6:39pm. 2011-11-03.
  334. ^ Al Baker, Colin Moynihan and Sarah Maslin Nir (October 1, 2011). "Police Arrest More Than 700 Protesters on Brooklyn Bridge". New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/police-arresting-protesters-on-brooklyn-bridge/. 
  335. ^ Baker, Al (October 1, 2011). "Police Arrest More Than 400 Protesters on Brooklyn Bridge". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/police-arresting-protesters-on-brooklyn-bridge/. Retrieved October 1, 2011. 
  336. ^ Pilkington, Ed (Oct. 2). "Occupy Wall Street protest: NYPD accused of heavy-handed tactics". London: Guardian.co.uk. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/02/occupy-wall-street-nypd-tactics. 
  337. ^ "Hundreds freed after New York Wall Street protest". BBC News (BBC). October 2, 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15143509. Retrieved October 2, 2011. 
  338. ^ ELIZABETH A. HARRIS (October 5, 2011). "Citing Police Trap, Protesters File Suit". The New York Times: p. A25. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/05/nyregion/citing-police-trap-protesters-file-suit.html?_r=1. Retrieved October 17, 2011. 
  339. ^ "Occupy Wall Street protests: Police make arrests, use pepper spray as some activists storm barricade". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2011/10/05/2011-10-05_occupy_wall_street_protests_unions_join_epic_march_in_downtown_manhattan.html. Retrieved October 13, 2011. 
  340. ^ Matt Wells and Karen McVeigh (October 5, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street: thousands march in New York | World news | guardian.co.uk". The Guardian (UK). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/occupy-wall-street-new-york-march?newsfeed=true. Retrieved October 7, 2011. 
  341. ^ Pullella, Phillip (October 15, 2011). "Wall Street protests go global; riots in Rome". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/15/us-protests-idUSTRE79E0FC20111015. 
  342. ^ ""Occupy" protests go global, turn violent". CBS News. October 15, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/10/15/501364/main20120893.shtml. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  343. ^ Hawley, Chris (October 16, 2011.) "Thousands of ‘Occupy‘ protesters fill New York Times Square." Chicago Sun-Times. Accessed October 2011.
  344. ^ (October 16, 2011.) "Occupy Wall Street has raised $300,000." CBS News. Accessed October 2011.
  345. ^ Associated Press October 16, 2011, 11:02 pm (July 13, 2011). "Hundreds arrested in 'Occupy' protests". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-occupy-wall-street-20111017,0,7374570.story. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  346. ^ "Occupy Wall Street: How long can it last?". CNN. October 18, 2011. http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/17/politics/occupy-wall-street/index.html?hpt=hp_t2. Retrieved October 19, 2011. 
  347. ^ Bulwa, Demian (25 October 2011). "Police clear Occupy Oakland camps, arrest dozens". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/10/25/BAUB1LLTC9.DTL. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  348. ^ JESSE, McKINLEY (27 October 2011). "Some Cities Begin Cracking Down on ‘Occupy’ Protests.". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/27/us/oakland-and-other-cities-crack-down-on-occupy-protests.html?pagewanted=2. Retrieved 27 October 2011. 
  349. ^ Romney, Lee (10/28/11). "Occupy Oakland regroups; injured Iraq war veteran recovering". LA Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2011/10/occupy-oakland-regroups-injured-iraq-war-veteran-.html. Retrieved 11/15/11. 
  350. ^ Kurpnick, Nick (10/27/11). "Occupy Oakland: Officials shift into damage control". Oakland Tribune. http://www.insidebayarea.com/news/ci_19205555. Retrieved 10/27/11. 
  351. ^ "BBC News — US Occupy protesters clash with police at Oakland port". Bbc.co.uk. 2011-10-27. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15568057. Retrieved 2011-11-04. 
  352. ^ Occupy Wall Street Protests CBS News. 15 Nov 2011. Last accessed 16 Nov 2011.
  353. ^ Estes, Adam Clark (2011-11-16). "Press Is Not Forgetting the Journalists Arrested at Zuccotti Park". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HneHjTy. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  354. ^ McCarthy, Megan (2011-11-17). "Bloomberg Spokesperson Admits Arresting Credentialed Reporters, Reading The Awl". The New York Observer. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Hngyiiv. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  355. ^ "Several Journalists Among Those Arrested During Zuccotti Park Raid". CBSNewsYork/AP (CBS News). 2011-11-15. Archived from the original on 2011-11-16. http://www.webcitation.org/63FSXRa1j. Retrieved 2011-11-16. 
  356. ^ a b Ventura, Michael (2011-11-16). "DNAinfo.com Journalists Arrested While Covering OWS Police Raids". DNAinfo. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HnkhWBB. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  357. ^ Memmott, Mark (2011-11-15). "New York Police Clear Occupy Wall Street Protesters From Park". NPR. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Hno1k7M. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  358. ^ "Journalists detained at NYC Occupy protests". Associated Press. The Wall Street Journal. 2011-11-15. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HnqegCw. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  359. ^ Malsin, Jared (2011-11-15). "Reporter for The Local Is Arrested During Occupy Wall Street Clearing". NYU Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute (The New York Times). Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Hnti54Z. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  360. ^ Weiner, Juli (2011-11-15). "Journalists, Among Those a Vanity Fair Correspondent, Arrested While Covering Occupy Wall Street". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HnxWeXm. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  361. ^ Siegal, Ida; Colletti, Roseanne (November 16, 2011). "Councilman Rodriguez Gives Details of His Occupy Wall Street Arrest". WNBC. http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Councilman-Ydanis-Rodriguez-Occupy-Wall-Street-Arrest-Press-Conference-133948328.html. Retrieved December 20, 2011. 
  362. ^ Johnston, Garth (2011-11-15). "Police Arrest OWS Reporter As He Pleads "I'm A Reporter!"". Gothamist. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HqESagQ. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  363. ^ "Exclusive Video: Inside Police Lines at the Occupy Wall Street Eviction". Mother Jones. http://motherjones.com/politics/2011/11/occupy-wall-street-police-raid-eviction. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  364. ^ David Badash. "Defiant NYC Mayor Bloomberg To Occupy Protestors: ‘No Right Is Absolute’". The New Civil Rights Movement. http://thenewcivilrightsmovement.com/defiant-nyc-mayor-bloomberg-to-occupy-protestors-no-right-is-absolute/politics/2011/11/15/30224. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  365. ^ Stableford, Dylan (2011-11-17). "Press clash with police during Occupy Wall Street raid; seven journalists arrested". The Cutline (Yahoo News). Archived from the original on 2011-11-17. http://www.webcitation.org/63HLuZt3W. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  366. ^ Willis, Amy; Chris Irvine (2011-11-15). "Occupy Wall Street eviction: as it happened". The Telegraph (London). Archived from the original on 2011-11-17. http://www.webcitation.org/63FxCrrjf. Retrieved 2011-11-17. "CBS News NY News Desk tells me their helicopter was forced down by NYPD -- they had to go down for fuel but weren't allowed back up. #ows" 
  367. ^ Gitlin, Sarah; Janine Balekdjian (2011-11-15). "Reoccupy Wall Street". The Columbia Daily Spectator. Archived from the original on 2011-11-17. http://www.webcitation.org/63FxWzwQd. Retrieved 2011-11-17. "A CBS helicopter that tried to cover the eviction aerially was forced to leave the airspace over the park by the NYPD, depriving the world of a view of what, exactly, the police were doing." 
  368. ^ "Journalists obstructed from covering OWS protests". Committee to Protect Journalists. 2011-11-15. Archived from the original on 2011-11-15. http://www.webcitation.org/63HpunRea. Retrieved 2011-11-18. "Lindsey Christ, a reporter for the TV channel NY1, told the Times she witnessed police officers put a New York Post reporter "in a choke-hold."" 
  369. ^ The Washington Post, 2011 Nov. 15, "Bloomberg’s Disgraceful Eviction of Occupy Wall Street," http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/post/bloombergs-disgraceful-eviction-of-occupy-wall-street/2011/11/15/gIQASRiqON_blog.html
  370. ^ "SPJ condemns arrests of journalists at Occupy protests". Society of Professional Journalists. 2011-11-15. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HdgVgJr. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  371. ^ "Human rights group concerned over journalists’ arrests at Occupy protests". Associated Press. Huffington Post. 2011-11-17. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HyxJz54. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  372. ^ "Journalists arrested and obstructed again during Occupy Wall Street camp eviction". Reporters Without Borders. 2011-11-16. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HdyEWIx. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  373. ^ "Office of the Special Rappoteur Expresses Concern over Arrests and Assaults on Journalists Covering Protests in the United States" (Press release). Organization of American States. 2011-11-17. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Hc6A1i4. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  374. ^ 11/21/11. "Media upset at NYPD for treatment of reporters at OWS — am New York". Amny.com. http://www.amny.com/urbanite-1.812039/media-upset-at-nypd-for-treatment-of-reporters-at-ows-1.3338559. Retrieved 2011-11-24. 
  375. ^ Al Jazeera, 16 Nov. 2011, "The People's Library and the Future of OWS: The Massive Library Carted Away by Authorities at Zuccotti Park is a Formidable Weapon in Occupy Wall Street's Arsenal," http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/11/2011111681642279467.html
  376. ^ Democracy Now, 15 Nov. 2011, "Inside Occupy Wall Street Raid: Eyewitnesses Describe Arrests, Beatings as Police Dismantle Camp," http://www.democracynow.org/2011/11/15/inside_occupy_wall_street_raid_eyewitnesses
  377. ^ "Occupy is here to stay". SuperMomWannabe.com. 2011-11-16. http://supermomwannabe.com/2011/11/16/occupy-is-here-to-stay/. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  378. ^ "Tuesday, November 15 - msnbc tv — Rachel Maddow show — msnbc.com". MSNBC. 2011-11-16. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45322520/ns/msnbc_tv-rachel_maddow_show/#.Ts-wQBzN4pI. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  379. ^ http://www.dailykos.com/story/2011/11/18/1037890/-Irony-of-What-Bloomberg’s-Done,-Threw-out-Fahrenheit-451
  380. ^ Submit. "Who Smashed the Laptops from Occupy Wall Street? Inside the NYPD's Lost and Found | Motherboard". Motherboard.tv. http://www.motherboard.tv/2011/11/18/who-smashed-the-laptops-from-occupy-wall-street-inside-the-nypd-s-lost-and-found. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  381. ^ Jardin, Xeni. "One week after attending NY Public Library gala, Bloomberg destroys #OWS library containing honorees' books (and his own)". Boing Boing. http://boingboing.net/2011/11/18/the-irony-of-what-bloomberg.html. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  382. ^ Gabbatt, Adam. "Occupy Wall Street: protesters regroup after eviction — Wednesday 16 November | World news | guardian.co.uk". Guardiannews.com. http://www.guardiannews.com/world/blog/2011/nov/16/occupy-wall-street-live-protesters-eviction. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  383. ^ Christopher Robbins (2011-11-19). "Did The City Purposefully Destroy Occupy Wall Street's Property?". Gothamist. http://gothamist.com/2011/11/19/did_the_nypd_purposefully_destroy_o.php. Retrieved 2011-11-28. 
  384. ^ The Washington Post, 2011 Nov. 15, "Bloomberg’s Disgraceful Eviction of Occupy Wall Street," http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/post/bloombergs-disgraceful-eviction-of-occupy-wall-street/2011/11/15/gIQASRiqON_blog.html
  385. ^ Newman, Andy (November 15, 2011). "Updates on the Clearing of Zuccotti Park — NYTimes.com". New York City;Zuccotti Park (NYC): Cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/11/15/updates-on-the-clearing-of-zuccotti-park/?src=twt&twt=cityroom#judge-says-protesters-can-return-to-park-for-now. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  386. ^ Police Clear Zuccotti Park of Protesters The New York Times. 15 Nov 2011. Last accessed 16 Nov 2011.
  387. ^ Voorhees, Josh; Abby Ohlheiser (2011-11-17). "Re-Energized OWS Protesters Stage Nationwide "Day of Action"". Slate. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Ho0vY6o. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  388. ^ a b Mirkinson, Jack (2011-11-17). "Occupy Wall Street November 17: Journalists Arrested, Beaten By Police". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63Ho2zdh5. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  389. ^ Jilani, Zaid (2011-11-17). "Reporters For Right-Wing Publication Daily Caller Beaten By NYPD, Helped By Protesters". ThinkProgress. Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. http://www.webcitation.org/63HpihHOr. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  390. ^ Les Christie (December 6, 2011). "Occupy protesters take over foreclosed homes". CNNMoney. http://money.cnn.com/2011/12/06/real_estate/occupy_movement_spreads/index.htm. Retrieved December 7, 2011. 
  391. ^ Get your FREE! Nation User Name. "Occupy Education". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/article/165238/occupy-education. Retrieved 2011-12-25. 
  392. ^ a b Harshbarger, Rebecca (January 3, 2012). "Occupy Wall Street protesters rally then busted in Grand Central". New York Post. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/manhattan/occupy_wall_street_protesters_mob_LqqafQu7s662VS8nYBcAsL. Retrieved January 04, 2012. 

External links

Occupy websites
Related websites